वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-16, verse-17

तं वाली क्रोधताम्राक्षः सुग्रीवं रणपण्डितम् ।
आपतन्तं महावेगमिदं वचनमब्रवीत् ॥१७॥

17. taṃ vālī krodhatāmrākṣaḥ sugrīvaṃ raṇapaṇḍitam ,
āpatantaṃ mahāvegamidaṃ vacanamabravīt.

17. tam vālī krodhatāmrākṣaḥ sugrīvam raṇapaṇḍitam
āpatantam mahāvegam idam vacanam abravīt

17. krodhatāmrākṣaḥ vālī raṇapaṇḍitam mahāvegam
āpatantam tam sugrīvam idam vacanam abravīt

17. Vālī, his eyes red with anger, spoke these words to Sugrīva, who was skilled in battle and approaching him with great speed.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - to him (Sugrīva) (him, that)

• वाली (vālī) - Vālī (the Vānara king) (Vālī)

• क्रोधताम्राक्षः (krodhatāmrākṣaḥ) - with eyes red from anger

• सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - Sugrīva

• रणपण्डितम् (raṇapaṇḍitam) - skilled in battle

• आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - approaching, falling upon

• महावेगम् (mahāvegam) - with great speed, very swift

• इदम् (idam) - this

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - to him (Sugrīva) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Sugrīva.

वाली (vālī) - Vālī (the Vānara king) (Vālī)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vālin

vālin - Vālī (name of a powerful Vānara king)

Note: Subject of `abravīt`.

क्रोधताम्राक्षः (krodhatāmrākṣaḥ) - with eyes red from anger

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of krodhatāmrākṣa

krodhatāmrākṣa - one whose eyes are red with anger

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (krodha+tāmra+akṣa)

• krodha – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  Root: √kudh (class 4)
• tāmra – copper-red, dark-red
  adjective (masculine)
• akṣa – eye
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies Vālī.

सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - Sugrīva

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugrīva (name of a Vānara king, brother of Vālī)

Note: Object of `abravīt`, along with `tam`.

रणपण्डितम् (raṇapaṇḍitam) - skilled in battle

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of raṇapaṇḍita

raṇapaṇḍita - skilled in battle, expert in warfare

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raṇa+paṇḍita)

• raṇa – battle, fight, war
  noun (masculine)
  Root: √raṇ (class 1)
• paṇḍita – learned, wise, skilled, expert
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Sugrīva.

आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - approaching, falling upon

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āpatat

āpatat - approaching, falling upon, rushing towards

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √pat ('to fall, fly') with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: √pat (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Sugrīva.

महावेगम् (mahāvegam) - with great speed, very swift

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāvega

mahāvega - great speed, great velocity; one with great speed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+vega)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• vega – speed, velocity, force, impulse
  noun (masculine)
  Root: √vij (class 6)

Note: Qualifies Sugrīva.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Qualifies `vacanam`.

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, saying

Derived from root √vac ('to speak').

Root: √vac (class 2)

Note: Object of `abravīt`.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of √brū

Imperfect Active

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: √brū (class 2)