वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-16, verse-15

स वाली गाढसंवीतो मुष्टिमुद्यम्य वीर्यवान् ।
सुग्रीवमेवाभिमुखो ययौ योद्धुं कृतक्षणः ॥१५॥

15. sa vālī gāḍhasaṃvīto muṣṭimudyamya vīryavān ,
sugrīvamevābhimukho yayau yoddhuṃ kṛtakṣaṇaḥ.

15. saḥ vālī gāḍhasaṃvītaḥ muṣṭim udyamya vīryavān
sugrīvam eva abhimukhaḥ yayau yoddhum kṛtakṣaṇaḥ

15. saḥ vīryavān vālī gāḍhasaṃvītaḥ kṛtakṣaṇaḥ muṣṭim
udyamya sugrīvam eva abhimukhaḥ yoddhum yayau

15. That powerful Vālī, tightly braced and determined for the fight, raised his fist and advanced directly towards Sugrīva to do battle.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• वाली (vālī) - Vālī (the Vānara king) (Vālī)

• गाढसंवीतः (gāḍhasaṁvītaḥ) - tightly braced, well-prepared, intensely covered

• मुष्टिम् (muṣṭim) - fist

• उद्यम्य (udyamya) - having raised, lifting

• वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful, valorous, heroic

• सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - Sugrīva

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

• अभिमुखः (abhimukhaḥ) - facing, turned towards

• ययौ (yayau) - he went, he advanced

• योद्धुम् (yoddhum) - to fight

• कृतक्षणः (kṛtakṣaṇaḥ) - determined for the moment, having fixed the time

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वाली (vālī) - Vālī (the Vānara king) (Vālī)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vālin

vālin - Vālī (name of a powerful Vānara king, son of Indra)

गाढसंवीतः (gāḍhasaṁvītaḥ) - tightly braced, well-prepared, intensely covered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gāḍhasaṃvīta

gāḍhasaṁvīta - firmly enveloped, tightly covered, well-protected, thoroughly prepared

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gāḍha+saṃvīta)

• gāḍha – tight, firm, intense, deep
  adjective (masculine)
• saṃvīta – covered, enveloped, clad, equipped, prepared
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √vī ('to cover, envelop') with prefix sam-.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: √vī (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Vālī.

मुष्टिम् (muṣṭim) - fist

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of muṣṭi

muṣṭi - fist, handful

Note: Object of `udyamya`.

उद्यम्य (udyamya) - having raised, lifting

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root √yam ('to restrain, hold') with prefix ud-.

Prefix: ud

Root: √yam (class 1)

वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful, valorous, heroic

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - possessing strength/valor, powerful, heroic

Formed with the suffix -vat, indicating possession.

Note: Qualifies Vālī.

सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - Sugrīva

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugrīva (name of a Vānara king, brother of Vālī)

Note: Object of `abhimukhaḥ`.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes `sugrīvam`.

अभिमुखः (abhimukhaḥ) - facing, turned towards

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhimukha

abhimukha - facing, turned towards, confronting

Prefix: abhi

Root: √muc (class 6)

Note: Qualifies Vālī; often used adverbially.

ययौ (yayau) - he went, he advanced

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of √yā

Perfect Active

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: √yā (class 2)

योद्धुम् (yoddhum) - to fight

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive form of √yudh ('to fight').

Root: √yudh (class 4)

Note: Expresses purpose.

कृतक्षणः (kṛtakṣaṇaḥ) - determined for the moment, having fixed the time

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtakṣaṇa

kṛtakṣaṇa - one who has fixed the moment, determined for the opportunity

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+kṣaṇa)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √kṛ ('to do, make').
  Root: √kṛ (class 8)
• kṣaṇa – moment, instant, leisure, opportunity
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Vālī.