वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-70, verse-1

तौ कबन्धेन तं मार्गं पम्पाया दर्शितं वने ।
आतस्थतुर्दिशं गृह्य प्रतीचीं नृवरात्मजौ ॥१॥

1. tau kabandhena taṃ mārgaṃ pampāyā darśitaṃ vane ,
ātasthaturdiśaṃ gṛhya pratīcīṃ nṛvarātmajau.

1. tau kabandhena tam mārgam pampāyāḥ darśitam
vane ātastur diśam gṛhya pratīcīm nṛvarātmajau

1. kabandhena vane darśitam pampāyāḥ tam mārgam
tau nṛvarātmajau pratīcīm diśam gṛhya ātastur

1. Those two princes, Rama and Lakshmana, then took the westward direction, following the path to Pampa that had been shown to them by Kabandha in the forest.

Words meanings summery:

• तौ (tau) - those two (Rama and Lakshmana) (those two)

• कबन्धेन (kabandhena) - by Kabandha

• तम् (tam) - that (that (masculine accusative singular))

• मार्गम् (mārgam) - path (path, road, way)

• पम्पायाः (pampāyāḥ) - leading to Pampa (of Pampa, belonging to Pampa)

• दर्शितम् (darśitam) - shown (by Kabandha) (shown, indicated, pointed out)

• वने (vane) - in the forest (in the forest, in the woods)

• आतस्तुर् (ātastur) - they proceeded, they took (the direction) (they stood, they went, they undertook)

• दिशम् (diśam) - direction (direction, quarter, region)

• गृह्य (gṛhya) - having taken (the direction) (having taken, having grasped, having seized)

• प्रतीचीम् (pratīcīm) - westward (western, westward)

• नृवरात्मजौ (nṛvarātmajau) - the two princes (Rama and Lakshmana) (two sons of the best of men, two princes)

Words meanings and morphology

तौ (tau) - those two (Rama and Lakshmana) (those two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to Rama and Lakshmana, subjects of 'ātastur'.

कबन्धेन (kabandhena) - by Kabandha

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kabandha

kabandha - name of a headless Rākṣasa

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'darśitam'.

तम् (tam) - that (that (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Note: Modifies 'mārgam'.

मार्गम् (mārgam) - path (path, road, way)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mārga

mārga - path, road, way

Note: Object of an implied verb of 'following' or directly related to 'ātastur diśam gṛhya' as 'taking the path'.

पम्पायाः (pampāyāḥ) - leading to Pampa (of Pampa, belonging to Pampa)

(proper noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of pampā

pampā - Pampa (name of a lake/region)

Note: Indicates the destination or association of the path ('mārgam').

दर्शितम् (darśitam) - shown (by Kabandha) (shown, indicated, pointed out)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of darśita

darśita - shown, indicated, displayed

Past Passive Participle

From causative stem of root 'dṛś' (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'mārgam'.

वने (vane) - in the forest (in the forest, in the woods)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Note: Location where the path was shown.

आतस्तुर् (ātastur) - they proceeded, they took (the direction) (they stood, they went, they undertook)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, past perfect (liṭ) of āsthā

Perfect Mood

3rd person dual, Parasmaipada, लिट् (liṭ) lakāra of root 'sthā' with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (ā+tastur)

• ā – to, towards, here
  indeclinable
  prefix
• tastur – they stood/went
  verb
  Perfect Mood
  3rd person dual, Parasmaipada, लिट् (liṭ) lakāra of root 'sthā'.
  Root: sthā (class 1)

दिशम् (diśam) - direction (direction, quarter, region)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of diś

diś - direction, quarter, region

Note: Object of 'gṛhya'.

गृह्य (gṛhya) - having taken (the direction) (having taken, having grasped, having seized)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root 'grah' (to seize, take), with '-ya' suffix.

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Absolutive, indicating an action preceding 'ātastur'.

प्रतीचीम् (pratīcīm) - westward (western, westward)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pratīcī

pratīcī - western, westward

Feminine form of 'pratyac'.

Note: Modifies 'diśam'.

नृवरात्मजौ (nṛvarātmajau) - the two princes (Rama and Lakshmana) (two sons of the best of men, two princes)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of nṛvarātmaja

nṛvarātmaja - son of a chief/best of men, prince

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛvara+ātmaja)

• nṛvara – best of men, chief of men
  noun (masculine)
  From 'nṛ' (man) and 'vara' (best).
• ātmaja – son, born of oneself
  noun (masculine)
  From ātman (self) + ja (born).
  Root: jan (class 1)

Note: Apposition to 'tau'.