वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-57, verse-25

शराहतेनैव तदार्तया गिरा स्वरं ममालम्ब्य सुदूरसंश्रवम् ।
उदाहृतं तद्वचनं सुदारुणं त्वमागतो येन विहाय मैथिलीम् ॥२५॥

25. śarāhatenaiva tadārtayā girā svaraṃ mamālambya sudūrasaṃśravam ,
udāhṛtaṃ tadvacanaṃ sudāruṇaṃ tvamāgato yena vihāya maithilīm.

25. śara āhatena eva tat ārtayā girā
svaram mama ālambya sudūrasaṃśravam
udāhṛtam tat vacanam sudāruṇam
tvam āgataḥ yena vihāya maithilīm

25. śara āhatena eva,
mama sudūrasaṃśravam svaram ālambya,
tat ārtayā girā sudāruṇam vacanam udāhṛtam.
yena tvam maithilīm vihāya āgataḥ.

25. Indeed, he who was struck by an arrow, mimicking my voice—a sound audible from a great distance—uttered that extremely terrible statement with a distressed cry. It was because of this that you came, abandoning Maithili (Sita).

Words meanings summery:

• शर (śara) - arrow, dart

• आहतेन (āhatena) - by the one struck, by the wounded

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, just

• तत् (tat) - that, by that

• आर्तया (ārtayā) - by the distressed, by the afflicted

• गिरा (girā) - by speech, by voice

• स्वरम् (svaram) - sound, voice, tone

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• आलम्ब्य (ālambya) - having imitated (having supported, having taken hold of, having imitated)

• सुदूरसंश्रवम् (sudūrasaṁśravam) - audible from a great distance, heard from very far

• उदाहृतम् (udāhṛtam) - uttered, spoken, pronounced

• तत् (tat) - that

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, statement, speech

• सुदारुणम् (sudāruṇam) - very terrible, extremely dreadful

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - came, arrived, come

• येन (yena) - by which, because of which

• विहाय (vihāya) - having abandoned, having left

• मैथिलीम् (maithilīm) - Sita (Maithili, daughter of Mithila (Sita))

Words meanings and morphology

शर (śara) - arrow, dart

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śara

śara - arrow, dart, reed, a kind of grass

Root: śṝ (class 9)

Note: Part of a compound 'śarāhatena' (struck by an arrow).

आहतेन (āhatena) - by the one struck, by the wounded

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of āhata

āhata - struck, beaten, wounded, injured, killed, hit

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √han (to strike, kill) with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used here as a substantive referring to 'him who was struck (by an arrow)'.

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, just

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that, by that

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Note: Functions as an adjective for 'ārtayā girā' (with that distressed voice).

आर्तया (ārtayā) - by the distressed, by the afflicted

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of ārta

ārta - distressed, afflicted, pained, suffering, grieved

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √ṛ (to go, to move) with prefix ā- indicating 'to be troubled' or from √ṛt (to suffer).

Prefix: ā

Root: ṛ (class 3)

गिरा (girā) - by speech, by voice

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of gir

gir - speech, voice, word, song

Root: gṝ (class 6)

स्वरम् (svaram) - sound, voice, tone

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svara

svara - sound, tone, voice, note, accent, vowel

Root: svṛ (class 1)

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Possessive pronoun.

आलम्ब्य (ālambya) - having imitated (having supported, having taken hold of, having imitated)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from √lamb (to hang, depend) with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: lamb (class 1)

सुदूरसंश्रवम् (sudūrasaṁśravam) - audible from a great distance, heard from very far

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sudūrasaṃśrava

sudūrasaṁśrava - audible from a great distance

Compound: su (very) + dūra (far) + saṃśrava (audible).

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (su+dūra+saṃśrava)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• dūra – far, distant, remote
  adjective (neuter)
• saṃśrava – hearing, being heard, audible, sound
  noun (masculine)
  verbal noun
  From √śru (to hear) with prefix sam-.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Modifies 'svaram'.

उदाहृतम् (udāhṛtam) - uttered, spoken, pronounced

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of udāhṛta

udāhṛta - uttered, spoken, declared, mentioned

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √hṛ (to carry) with prefixes ud- and ā-.

Prefixes: ud+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Note: Modifies 'vacanam'.

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, statement, speech

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speech, word, statement, saying, expression

Derived from √vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

सुदारुणम् (sudāruṇam) - very terrible, extremely dreadful

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sudāruṇa

sudāruṇa - very cruel, extremely harsh, very terrible, dreadful

Compound: su (very) + dāruṇa (terrible).

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (su+dāruṇa)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• dāruṇa – dreadful, terrible, cruel, harsh, severe
  adjective (neuter)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuşmad

yuşmad - you (singular/plural)

Note: Subject of 'āgataḥ'.

आगतः (āgataḥ) - came, arrived, come

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, approached, returned

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √gam (to go) with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used with 'tvam' to mean 'you came'.

येन (yena) - by which, because of which

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Refers to the 'vacanam' (statement).

विहाय (vihāya) - having abandoned, having left

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from √hā (to abandon, leave) with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: hā (class 3)

मैथिलीम् (maithilīm) - Sita (Maithili, daughter of Mithila (Sita))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of maithilī

maithilī - a woman of Mithila, the daughter of the king of Mithila, Sita

From Mithila (name of a kingdom/city) + suffix -ī forming a feminine adjective/proper noun.

Note: Object of 'vihāya'.