वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-57, verse-19

एवं ब्रुवाणं सौमित्रिं रामः संतापमोहितः ।
अब्रवीद्दुष्कृतं सौम्य तां विना यत्त्वमागतः ॥१९॥

19. evaṃ bruvāṇaṃ saumitriṃ rāmaḥ saṃtāpamohitaḥ ,
abravīdduṣkṛtaṃ saumya tāṃ vinā yattvamāgataḥ.

19. evam bruvāṇam saumitrim rāmaḥ saṃtāpamohitaḥ
abravīt duṣkṛtam saumya tām vinā yat tvam āgataḥ

19. saṃtāpamohitaḥ rāmaḥ evam bruvāṇam saumitrim
abravīt saumya tvam tām vinā yat āgataḥ duṣkṛtam

19. Rama, overwhelmed by distress, spoke to Saumitri (Lakṣmaṇa), who was speaking thus: 'O gentle one, it is a great wrong (duṣkṛtam) that you have come without her!'

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - (speaking) thus (referring to Lakṣmaṇa's previous words) (thus, in this manner)

• ब्रुवाणम् (bruvāṇam) - speaking, saying

• सौमित्रिम् (saumitrim) - to Lakṣmaṇa, son of Sumitrā (to Saumitri (Lakṣmaṇa))

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama

• संतापमोहितः (saṁtāpamohitaḥ) - bewildered/overwhelmed by distress

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

• दुष्कृतम् (duṣkṛtam) - a great wrong (that you came without her) (a wrong deed, sin, evil act)

• सौम्य (saumya) - O Lakṣmaṇa (O gentle one, O son of Sumitrā)

• ताम् (tām) - Sītā (her)

• विना (vinā) - without

• यत् (yat) - that (introducing a subordinate clause) (that (conjunction), which)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - come, arrived

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - (speaking) thus (referring to Lakṣmaṇa's previous words) (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying `bruvāṇam`.

ब्रुवाणम् (bruvāṇam) - speaking, saying

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bruvāṇa

bruvāṇa - speaking, saying, declaring

Present Participle (Ātmanepada)

From √brū (to speak).

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Qualifies `saumitrim`.

सौमित्रिम् (saumitrim) - to Lakṣmaṇa, son of Sumitrā (to Saumitri (Lakṣmaṇa))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saumitri

saumitri - son of Sumitrā, Lakṣmaṇa

Patronymic from Sumitrā.

Note: Object of `abravīt`.

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama, name of a celebrated hero

Note: Subject of `abravīt`.

संतापमोहितः (saṁtāpamohitaḥ) - bewildered/overwhelmed by distress

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃtāpamohita

saṁtāpamohita - bewildered by distress, overcome with sorrow

Tatpuruṣa compound of `saṃtāpa` (distress) and `mohita` (Past Passive Participle of √muh, bewildered).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saṃtāpa+mohita)

• saṃtāpa – distress, anguish, torment, intense heat
  noun (masculine)
  From sam-√tap (to heat, torment).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: tap (class 1)
• mohita – bewildered, deluded, enchanted
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √muh (to be bewildered).
  Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies `rāmaḥ`.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect tense, active voice

Root √brū. Augment `a-` indicates past tense.

Root: brū (class 2)

दुष्कृतम् (duṣkṛtam) - a great wrong (that you came without her) (a wrong deed, sin, evil act)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duṣkṛta

duṣkṛta - bad deed, sin, evil act, wrong

Compound of `dus` (bad) and `kṛta` (done, PPP of √kṛ).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dus+kṛta)

• dus – bad, ill, difficult
  indeclinable
  Prefix.
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate nominative for the implied clause. The Sanskrit term 'duṣkṛtam' is included in brackets in the translation.

सौम्य (saumya) - O Lakṣmaṇa (O gentle one, O son of Sumitrā)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saumya

saumya - gentle, mild, benevolent; son of Soma; name of Lakṣmaṇa

Derived from Sumitrā (son of Sumitrā).

Note: Addressed to Lakṣmaṇa.

ताम् (tām) - Sītā (her)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she

Feminine accusative singular of `tad`.

Note: Refers to Sītā.

विना (vinā) - without

(indeclinable)

Preposition governing accusative.

यत् (yat) - that (introducing a subordinate clause) (that (conjunction), which)

(indeclinable)

Relative pronoun, here used as a conjunction.

Note: Introduces the content of the 'wrong deed'.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Subject of `āgataḥ`.

आगतः (āgataḥ) - come, arrived

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, returned

Past Passive Participle

From ā-√gam (to come, arrive).

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Predicate for `tvam` (used actively with intransitive verbs).