वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-57, verse-16

संकेताद्भरतेन त्वं रामं समनुगच्छसि ।
क्रोशन्तं हि यथात्यर्थं नैनमभ्यवपद्यसे ॥१६॥

16. saṃketādbharatena tvaṃ rāmaṃ samanugacchasi ,
krośantaṃ hi yathātyarthaṃ nainamabhyavapadyase.

16. saṃketāt bharatena tvam rāmam samanugacchasi
krośantam hi yathā atyartham na enam abhyavapadyase

16. tvam bharatena saṃketāt rāmam samanugacchasi hi
enam krośantam atyartham yathā na abhyavapadyase

16. It is by a secret understanding (saṃketa) with Bharata that you are following Rāma. For you are not approaching and helping him, even though he is crying out exceedingly.

Words meanings summery:

• संकेतात् (saṁketāt) - by a secret understanding or pre-arrangement (from a signal, by agreement, by appointment)

• भरतेन (bharatena) - by Bharata (Rama's brother) (by Bharata)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (Lakshmana) (you)

• रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

• समनुगच्छसि (samanugacchasi) - you are following (you follow, you go after)

• क्रोशन्तम् (krośantam) - crying out (for help), lamenting (crying out, shouting, lamenting)

• हि (hi) - for, indeed (explaining the reason for the accusation) (indeed, for, because)

• यथा (yathā) - even though, although (idiomatic use here) (as, just as, how, that)

• अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - exceedingly, loudly (exceedingly, very much, extremely)

• न (na) - not

• एनम् (enam) - him (Rama) (him, this one)

• अभ्यवपद्यसे (abhyavapadyase) - you approach (to help), you assist (you approach, you attain, you fall upon, you help)

Words meanings and morphology

संकेतात् (saṁketāt) - by a secret understanding or pre-arrangement (from a signal, by agreement, by appointment)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of saṃketa

saṁketa - signal, sign, agreement, appointment, understanding

From root 'kit' (to know) with prefix 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: kit (class 10)

Note: Implies an underlying reason or conspiracy.

भरतेन (bharatena) - by Bharata (Rama's brother) (by Bharata)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (name of a king, Rama's brother), one who is maintained/cherished

From root 'bhṛ' (to bear, to maintain) + 'ata' suffix.

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

त्वम् (tvam) - you (Lakshmana) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Second person pronoun.

Note: Subject of 'samanugacchasi' and 'abhyavapadyase'.

रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of the hero of Ramayana), pleasing, delightful

From root 'ram' (to delight).

Root: ram (class 1)

समनुगच्छसि (samanugacchasi) - you are following (you follow, you go after)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of samanu-gam

Present Tense

Second person singular present indicative active of root 'gam' (to go) with prefixes 'sam' and 'anu'.

Prefixes: sam+anu

Root: gam (class 1)

क्रोशन्तम् (krośantam) - crying out (for help), lamenting (crying out, shouting, lamenting)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of krośant

krośant - crying out, shouting, roaring

Present Active Participle

From root 'kruś' (to cry out) with 'śatṛ' suffix.

Root: kruś (class 1)

Note: Refers to Rama, who Sita believes is in distress.

हि (hi) - for, indeed (explaining the reason for the accusation) (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Particle introducing a reason or explanation.

यथा (yathā) - even though, although (idiomatic use here) (as, just as, how, that)

(indeclinable)

Adverb/conjunction.

अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - exceedingly, loudly (exceedingly, very much, extremely)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of 'atyartha' (excessive, abundant). Compound 'ati' (excessive) + 'artha' (purpose, meaning).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (ati+artha)

• ati – over, beyond, exceeding, very
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating excess or transcendence.
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object, cause
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Particle of negation.

एनम् (enam) - him (Rama) (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of enad

enad - this, that, him, her, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Rama.

अभ्यवपद्यसे (abhyavapadyase) - you approach (to help), you assist (you approach, you attain, you fall upon, you help)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of abhyava-pad

Present Tense

Second person singular present indicative middle of root 'pad' (to go, fall) with prefixes 'abhi' and 'ava'.

Prefixes: abhi+ava

Root: pad (class 4)