वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-57, verse-1

अथाश्रमादुपावृत्तमन्तरा रघुनन्दनः ।
परिपप्रच्छ सौमित्रिं रामो दुःखार्दितः पुनः ॥१॥

1. athāśramādupāvṛttamantarā raghunandanaḥ ,
paripapraccha saumitriṃ rāmo duḥkhārditaḥ punaḥ.

1. atha āśramāt upāvṛttam antarā raghunandanaḥ
paripapraccha saumitrim rāmaḥ duḥkhārditaḥ punaḥ

1. atha duḥkhārditaḥ raghunandanaḥ rāmaḥ punaḥ
antarā āśramāt upāvṛttam saumitrim paripapraccha

1. Then, Rama, the delight of the Raghus, greatly afflicted by sorrow, again questioned Lakshmana, who had returned from the hermitage (āśrama).

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon (then, now, thereupon)

• आश्रमात् (āśramāt) - from the hermitage (āśrama) (from the hermitage, from the monastic retreat)

• उपावृत्तम् (upāvṛttam) - who had returned (returned, having turned back, reverted)

• अन्तरा (antarā) - meanwhile (in between, meanwhile, during)

• रघुनन्दनः (raghunandanaḥ) - Rama, the delight of the Raghus (delight of Raghus, descendant of Raghu)

• परिपप्रच्छ (paripapraccha) - he questioned (he asked, he questioned)

• सौमित्रिम् (saumitrim) - Lakshmana (Lakshmana, son of Sumitra)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (Rama (a proper name))

• दुःखार्दितः (duḥkhārditaḥ) - greatly afflicted by sorrow (afflicted by sorrow, distressed by suffering)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, furthermore, but, on the other hand)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon (then, now, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

आश्रमात् (āśramāt) - from the hermitage (āśrama) (from the hermitage, from the monastic retreat)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of āśrama

āśrama - hermitage, monastic retreat, stage of life, order of life

Root: śram (class 4)

उपावृत्तम् (upāvṛttam) - who had returned (returned, having turned back, reverted)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upāvṛtta

upāvṛtta - returned, reverted, come back, gone back

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root vṛt (to turn, exist) with upasargas upa and ā

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: vṛt (class 1)

अन्तरा (antarā) - meanwhile (in between, meanwhile, during)

(indeclinable)

Note: Also can be acc. of antara, but here indeclinable sense fits best.

रघुनन्दनः (raghunandanaḥ) - Rama, the delight of the Raghus (delight of Raghus, descendant of Raghu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of raghunandana

raghunandana - delight of Raghu, descendant of Raghu

Compound type : genitive tatpurusha (raghu+nandana)

• raghu – Raghu (an ancient king, ancestor of Rama)
  proper noun (masculine)
• nandana – delight, son, child
  noun (masculine)
  From root nand (to rejoice)
  Root: nand (class 1)

Note: Epithet for Rama.

परिपप्रच्छ (paripapraccha) - he questioned (he asked, he questioned)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of paripracch

Perfect Active

Reduplicated perfect form of pra-prach (to ask, question) with upasarga pari

Prefix: pari

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Root `prach` (to ask) with `pari` (around, thoroughly)

सौमित्रिम् (saumitrim) - Lakshmana (Lakshmana, son of Sumitra)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saumitri

saumitri - son of Sumitra (Lakshmana)

Patronymic from Sumitrā

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (Rama (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama, pleasing, charming

दुःखार्दितः (duḥkhārditaḥ) - greatly afflicted by sorrow (afflicted by sorrow, distressed by suffering)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhārdita

duḥkhārdita - afflicted by sorrow, distressed by suffering

Compound type : instrumental tatpurusha (duḥkha+ardita)

• duḥkha – sorrow, suffering, pain, misery
  noun (neuter)
• ardita – afflicted, tormented, pained
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root ṛd (to pain, afflict)
  Root: ṛd (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Rama.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, furthermore, but, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)