वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-57, verse-20

जानन्नपि समर्थं मां रक्षसां विनिवारणे ।
अनेन क्रोधवाक्येन मैथिल्या निःसृतो भवान् ॥२०॥

20. jānannapi samarthaṃ māṃ rakṣasāṃ vinivāraṇe ,
anena krodhavākyena maithilyā niḥsṛto bhavān.

20. jānan api samartham mām rakṣasām vinivāraṇe
anena krodhavākyena maithilyāḥ niḥsṛtaḥ bhavān

20. bhavān rakṣasām vinivāraṇe mām samartham jānan
api anena maithilyāḥ krodhavākyena niḥsṛtaḥ

20. Though knowing me capable in repelling demons (rakṣas), you have departed at the instigation of Maitheli's (Sītā's) angry words.

Words meanings summery:

• जानन् (jānan) - knowing, while knowing

• अपि (api) - though, even though (even, although, too)

• समर्थम् (samartham) - capable, able

• माम् (mām) - Rama (me)

• रक्षसाम् (rakṣasām) - of the demons (rakṣas)

• विनिवारणे (vinivāraṇe) - in repelling, in hindering

• अनेन (anena) - by these (Sītā's) angry words (by this)

• क्रोधवाक्येन (krodhavākyena) - by angry words

• मैथिल्याः (maithilyāḥ) - of Maitheli, of Sītā

• निःसृतः (niḥsṛtaḥ) - departed, gone out

• भवान् (bhavān) - Lakṣmaṇa (you (respectful))

Words meanings and morphology

जानन् (jānan) - knowing, while knowing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jānat

jānat - knowing, aware, intelligent

Present Participle (Parasmaipada)

From √jñā (to know).

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Qualifies `bhavān`.

अपि (api) - though, even though (even, although, too)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

Note: Used with a participle to form a concessive clause ('though knowing').

समर्थम् (samartham) - capable, able

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of samartha

samartha - capable, able, competent, strong

From sam-artha.

Note: Qualifies `mām`.

माम् (mām) - Rama (me)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Accusative singular of `asmad`.

Note: Refers to Rama himself.

रक्षसाम् (rakṣasām) - of the demons (rakṣas)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of rakṣas

rakṣas - demon, evil spirit, rākṣasa

Note: Specifies whose repelling. The Sanskrit term 'rakṣas' is included in brackets in the translation.

विनिवारणे (vinivāraṇe) - in repelling, in hindering

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vinivāraṇa

vinivāraṇa - repelling, warding off, preventing, hindering

From vi-ni-√vṛ (to ward off, restrain).

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Expressing the sphere of capability.

अनेन (anena) - by these (Sītā's) angry words (by this)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Masculine instrumental singular of `etad`.

क्रोधवाक्येन (krodhavākyena) - by angry words

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of krodhavākya

krodhavākya - angry words, words of wrath

Tatpuruṣa compound of `krodha` (anger) and `vākya` (word).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (krodha+vākya)

• krodha – anger, wrath, fury
  noun (masculine)
  From √krudh (to be angry).
  Root: krudh (class 4)
• vākya – word, speech, sentence
  noun (neuter)
  From √vac (to speak).
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Means by which he departed.

मैथिल्याः (maithilyāḥ) - of Maitheli, of Sītā

(proper noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of maithilī

maithilī - princess of Mithila, Sītā

Patronymic/matronymic from Mithila.

Note: Possessive, refers to whose words.

निःसृतः (niḥsṛtaḥ) - departed, gone out

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niḥsṛta

niḥsṛta - gone out, departed, issued forth

Past Passive Participle

From nir-√sṛ (to issue, flow out).

Prefix: nis

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Predicate for `bhavān` (used actively for intransitive verbs).

भवान् (bhavān) - Lakṣmaṇa (you (respectful))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavant

bhavant - you, your honor, being

Present Participle of √bhū (to be), used as respectful pronoun.

Masculine nominative singular.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of the clause.