वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-44, verse-7

शीघ्रस्रोताश्च तं दृष्ट्वा वीक्षन्तं रक्तलोचनम् ।
स्तिमितं गन्तुमारेभे भयाद्गोदावरी नदी ॥७॥

7. śīghrasrotāśca taṃ dṛṣṭvā vīkṣantaṃ raktalocanam ,
stimitaṃ gantumārebhe bhayādgodāvarī nadī.

7. śīghrasrotāḥ ca tam dṛṣṭvā vīkṣantam raktalocanam
stimitam gantum ārebhe bhayāt godāvarī nadī

7. godāvarī nadī śīghrasrotāḥ ca,
raktalocanam vīkṣantam tam dṛṣṭvā,
bhayāt stimitam gantum ārebhe

7. And the swift-flowing Godavari river, seeing him looking with red eyes, began to flow sluggishly out of fear.

Words meanings summery:

• शीघ्रस्रोताः (śīghrasrotāḥ) - swift-flowing (describing the Godavari river) (swift-flowing, having a swift current)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तम् (tam) - him (referring to Rāma) (him, that (masculine singular accusative))

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• वीक्षन्तम् (vīkṣantam) - looking around (with intensity) (looking, seeing, observing)

• रक्तलोचनम् (raktalocanam) - red-eyed (due to anger or sorrow) (red-eyed)

• स्तिमितम् (stimitam) - sluggishly, very slowly (still, motionless, tranquil, quiet)

• गन्तुम् (gantum) - to flow (referring to the river) (to go, to move)

• आरेभे (ārebhe) - began (began, commenced)

• भयात् (bhayāt) - out of fear (from fear, out of fear)

• गोदावरी (godāvarī) - The Godavari river

• नदी (nadī) - river

Words meanings and morphology

शीघ्रस्रोताः (śīghrasrotāḥ) - swift-flowing (describing the Godavari river) (swift-flowing, having a swift current)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śīghrasrotas

śīghrasrotas - swift-flowing, having a swift current

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śīghra+srotas)

• śīghra – swift, quick, rapid
  adjective
• srotas – stream, current, flow
  noun (neuter)
  Root: sru (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'nadī'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - him (referring to Rāma) (him, that (masculine singular accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Rāma.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root dṛś with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Functions as an indeclinable participle.

वीक्षन्तम् (vīkṣantam) - looking around (with intensity) (looking, seeing, observing)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vīkṣant

vīkṣant - looking, seeing, observing

Present Active Participle

Formed from root īkṣ with upasarga vi-, and present participle suffix -at.

Prefix: vi

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tam' (him).

रक्तलोचनम् (raktalocanam) - red-eyed (due to anger or sorrow) (red-eyed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of raktalocana

raktalocana - red-eyed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (rakta+locana)

• rakta – red, dyed, attached
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root rañj (to color).
  Root: rañj (class 1)
• locana – eye, seeing
  noun (neuter)
  Root: loc (class 10)

Note: Qualifies 'tam' (him).

स्तिमितम् (stimitam) - sluggishly, very slowly (still, motionless, tranquil, quiet)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of stimita

stimita - still, motionless, tranquil, quiet

Past Passive Participle

From root stim (to be still).

Root: stim (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially to describe the manner of flowing.

गन्तुम् (gantum) - to flow (referring to the river) (to go, to move)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Formed from root gam with infinitive suffix -tum.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used with 'ārebhe' (began to go/flow).

आरेभे (ārebhe) - began (began, commenced)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of ā-rabh

perfect tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice

From root rabh with upasarga ā-, perfect tense, ātmanepada.

Prefix: ā

Root: rabh (class 1)

Note: Main verb.

भयात् (bhayāt) - out of fear (from fear, out of fear)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, apprehension

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Indicates cause.

गोदावरी (godāvarī) - The Godavari river

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of godāvarī

godāvarī - The Godavari river (a sacred river in India)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

नदी (nadī) - river

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

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