वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-44, verse-29

मदान्वितानां घोराणां कुञ्जराणां तरस्विनाम् ।
कथमेका महारण्ये न बिभेषि वनानने ॥२९॥

29. madānvitānāṃ ghorāṇāṃ kuñjarāṇāṃ tarasvinām ,
kathamekā mahāraṇye na bibheṣi vanānane.

29. madānvitānām ghorāṇām kuñjarāṇām tarasvinām
katham ekā mahāraṇye na bibheṣi vanānane

29. vanānane! katham ekā mahāraṇye madānvitānām
ghorāṇām tarasvinām kuñjarāṇām (ca) na bibheṣi?

29. O lovely one, how is it that you, all alone in this great forest, are not afraid of the fierce, powerful, and rutting elephants?

Words meanings summery:

• मदान्वितानाम् (madānvitānām) - of the elephants in rut (of the intoxicated, of those in rut, of the excited)

• घोराणाम् (ghorāṇām) - of the terrible, of the fierce, of the dreadful

• कुञ्जराणाम् (kuñjarāṇām) - of elephants

• तरस्विनाम् (tarasvinām) - of the powerful, of the swift, of the energetic

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner, why

• एका (ekā) - you (a woman) alone (alone, single, one (feminine))

• महारण्ये (mahāraṇye) - in a great forest, in a dense forest

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• बिभेषि (bibheṣi) - you fear, you are afraid

• वनानने (vanānane) - O lovely one (an endearing address to Sītā) (O forest-faced one, O beautiful one with a face like a forest)

Words meanings and morphology

मदान्वितानाम् (madānvitānām) - of the elephants in rut (of the intoxicated, of those in rut, of the excited)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of madānvita

madānvita - intoxicated, in rut (for animals), delighted, impassioned

Compound: 'mada' (intoxication, rut) + 'anvita' (possessed of, endowed with, from 'anu' + 'i' + 'kta').

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mada+anvita)

• mada – intoxication, rut, passion, joy
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mad (class 4)
• anvita – accompanied, endowed with, possessed of
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from 'anu' + root 'i' (to go).
  Prefix: anu
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Adjective agreeing with 'kuñjarāṇām'.

घोराणाम् (ghorāṇām) - of the terrible, of the fierce, of the dreadful

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, fierce, awful, formidable

Root: ghūrṇ (class 1)

कुञ्जराणाम् (kuñjarāṇām) - of elephants

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kuñjara

kuñjara - elephant (literally 'born in a mountain-cave')

Compound 'kuñja' (bower, mountain cave) + 'ra' (from '√rā' or suffix 'ra').

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuñja+ra)

• kuñja – bower, arbour, thicket, mountain cave
  noun (masculine)
• ra – giving, granting, going, moving, sound, fire
  suffix/noun
  Often forms agent nouns or is part of compounds.
  Root: rā (class 2)

Note: Object of fear, hence genitive.

तरस्विनाम् (tarasvinām) - of the powerful, of the swift, of the energetic

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tarasvin

tarasvin - powerful, strong, swift, energetic, vigorous

Derived from 'taras' (speed, power) with possessive suffix 'vin'.

Root: tṝ (class 1)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner, why

(indeclinable)

Adverbial derivative from the pronominal stem 'kim'.

एका (ekā) - you (a woman) alone (alone, single, one (feminine))

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of eka

eka - one, a single, alone, unique

Feminine nominative singular form of 'eka'.

महारण्ये (mahāraṇye) - in a great forest, in a dense forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of mahāraṇya

mahāraṇya - great forest, extensive wilderness

Compound: 'mahā' (great) + 'araṇya' (forest).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+araṇya)

• mahā – great, large, extensive, mighty
  adjective
  From 'mahat' (great).
• araṇya – forest, wilderness, desert
  noun (neuter)

Note: Specifies location.

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

बिभेषि (bibheṣi) - you fear, you are afraid

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhī

Present Active

Present stem 'bibhe-' (reduplicated root 'bhī'). Second person singular active voice.

Root: bhī (class 3)

वनानने (vanānane) - O lovely one (an endearing address to Sītā) (O forest-faced one, O beautiful one with a face like a forest)

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of vanānana

vanānana - forest-faced, having a face like a forest (beautiful, serene, or perhaps referring to residing in the forest)

Compound: 'vana' (forest) + 'ānana' (face). Vocative singular feminine.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vana+ānana)

• vana – forest, wood, grove, water
  noun (neuter)
• ānana – face, mouth, countenance
  noun (neuter)
  From 'ā' + root 'an' (to breathe).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Addressed to Sītā.

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