वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-44, verse-31

इति प्रशस्ता वैदेही रावणेन दुरात्मना ।
द्विजातिवेषेण हि तं दृष्ट्वा रावणमागतम् ।
सर्वैरतिथिसत्कारैः पूजयामास मैथिली ॥३१॥

31. iti praśastā vaidehī rāvaṇena durātmanā ,
dvijātiveṣeṇa hi taṃ dṛṣṭvā rāvaṇamāgatam ,
sarvairatithisatkāraiḥ pūjayāmāsa maithilī.

31. iti praśastā vaidehī rāvaṇena
durātmanā dvijātiveṣeṇa hi tam
dṛṣṭvā rāvaṇam āgatam sarvaiḥ
atithisatkaraiḥ pūjayāmāsa maithilī

31. maithilī vaidehī iti durātmanā
rāvaṇena praśastā dvijātiveṣeṇa
āgatam tam rāvaṇam hi dṛṣṭvā
sarvaiḥ atithisatkaraiḥ pūjayāmāsa

31. When Vaidehi was thus addressed by the evil-minded Ravana, she, seeing him approach in the guise of a Brahmin, honored him with all guest courtesies.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so

• प्रशस्ता (praśastā) - addressed (by Ravana) (praised, eulogized, addressed, commended)

• वैदेही (vaidehī) - Sita, daughter of Videha

• रावणेन (rāvaṇena) - by Ravana

• दुरात्मना (durātmanā) - by the evil-minded, by the wicked

• द्विजातिवेषेण (dvijātiveṣeṇa) - in the guise of a Brahmin, with the dress of a twice-born

• हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, because, for

• तम् (tam) - him (Ravana) (him, that)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

• रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Ravana (accusative)

• आगतम् (āgatam) - arrived, come, approached

• सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all, with all

• अतिथिसत्करैः (atithisatkaraiḥ) - with guest courtesies, with hospitality, with honors to a guest

• पूजयामास (pūjayāmāsa) - she honored, she worshipped

• मैथिली (maithilī) - Sita, daughter of Mithila

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

प्रशस्ता (praśastā) - addressed (by Ravana) (praised, eulogized, addressed, commended)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of praśasta

praśasta - praised, eulogized, commended

Past Passive Participle

Derived from pra-śas (to praise)

Prefix: pra

Root: śas (class 2)

वैदेही (vaidehī) - Sita, daughter of Videha

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vaidehī

vaidehī - Sita, daughter of Videha

रावणेन (rāvaṇena) - by Ravana

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Ravana (name of the demon king)

दुरात्मना (durātmanā) - by the evil-minded, by the wicked

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of durātman

durātman - evil-minded, wicked, having a bad soul (ātman)

Compound of 'dur' (bad) and 'ātman' (soul/self)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dus+ātman)

• dus – bad, evil, difficult
  indeclinable
  original form of 'dur' before sandhi
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Agrees with rāvaṇena

द्विजातिवेषेण (dvijātiveṣeṇa) - in the guise of a Brahmin, with the dress of a twice-born

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dvijātiveṣa

dvijātiveṣa - guise/dress of a twice-born

Compound of 'dvijāti' (twice-born) and 'veṣa' (dress, guise)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvijāti+veṣa)

• dvijāti – twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya, especially Brahmin)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• veṣa – dress, garb, disguise
  noun (masculine)
  From root veṣ (to surround)
  Root: veṣ (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, because, for

(indeclinable)

An emphatic particle

तम् (tam) - him (Ravana) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Ravana

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root dṛś + ktvā suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Ravana (accusative)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Ravana (name of the demon king)

Note: Object of dṛṣṭvā

आगतम् (āgatam) - arrived, come, approached

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - arrived, come, approached

Past Passive Participle

From root gam (to go) with upasarga ā (to, towards)

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with rāvaṇam

सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all, with all

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

अतिथिसत्करैः (atithisatkaraiḥ) - with guest courtesies, with hospitality, with honors to a guest

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of atithisatkāra

atithisatkāra - guest hospitality, welcome for a guest

Compound of 'atithi' (guest) and 'satkāra' (honor, welcome)

Compound type : tatpurusha (atithi+satkāra)

• atithi – guest, visitor
  noun (masculine)
  Root: at (class 1)
• satkāra – honor, welcome, good treatment
  noun (masculine)
  From 'sat' (good, true) and 'kāra' (act, doing)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

पूजयामास (pūjayāmāsa) - she honored, she worshipped

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (Lit) of pūj

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Periphrastic perfect using auxiliary 'ās' with 'pūjayā'. The -āmāsa ending is characteristic of the periphrastic perfect for roots of the 10th class or derivatives.

Root: pūj (class 10)

मैथिली (maithilī) - Sita, daughter of Mithila

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of maithilī

maithilī - Sita, daughter of Mithila

Note: Subject of pūjayāmāsa

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