वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-44, verse-4

तामाससादातिबलो भ्रातृभ्यां रहितां वने ।
रहितां सूर्यचन्द्राभ्यां संध्यामिव महत्तमः ॥४॥

4. tāmāsasādātibalo bhrātṛbhyāṃ rahitāṃ vane ,
rahitāṃ sūryacandrābhyāṃ saṃdhyāmiva mahattamaḥ.

4. tām āsasāda atibalaḥ bhrātṛbhyām rahitām vane
rahitām sūryacandrābhyām saṃdhyām iva mahattamaḥ

4. atibalaḥ tām āsasāda vane bhrātṛbhyām rahitām
mahattamaḥ sūryacandrābhyām rahitām saṃdhyām iva

4. The exceedingly powerful one (Rāvaṇa) approached her (Sītā), who was in the forest, bereft of her two brothers, just as a great darkness approaches twilight bereft of the sun and moon.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - Sītā (her, that (feminine singular accusative))

• आससाद (āsasāda) - he approached, he attained

• अतिबलः (atibalaḥ) - Rāvaṇa (exceedingly powerful)

• भ्रातृभ्याम् (bhrātṛbhyām) - by Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa (by the two brothers)

• रहिताम् (rahitām) - bereft, deprived of, devoid of

• वने (vane) - in the forest

• रहिताम् (rahitām) - bereft, deprived of, devoid of

• सूर्यचन्द्राभ्याम् (sūryacandrābhyām) - by the sun and moon

• संध्याम् (saṁdhyām) - twilight, evening

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• महत्तमः (mahattamaḥ) - Rāvaṇa, compared to great darkness. (great darkness)

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - Sītā (her, that (feminine singular accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

आससाद (āsasāda) - he approached, he attained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of √sad

Perfect, 3rd person singular

From ā + √sad. Reduplicated perfect form.

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

अतिबलः (atibalaḥ) - Rāvaṇa (exceedingly powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atibala

atibala - very strong, exceedingly powerful

Tatpurusha compound: ati (exceedingly) + bala (power, strength).

Compound type : tatpurusha (ati+bala)

• ati – over, beyond, exceedingly
  indeclinable
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

भ्रातृभ्याम् (bhrātṛbhyām) - by Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa (by the two brothers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Instrumental due to 'rahitām'.

रहिताम् (rahitām) - bereft, deprived of, devoid of

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rahita

rahita - left, abandoned, devoid of, free from

Past Passive Participle

From √rah (to abandon, leave) with suffix -ita.

Root: rah (class 1)

वने (vane) - in the forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

रहिताम् (rahitām) - bereft, deprived of, devoid of

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rahita

rahita - left, abandoned, devoid of, free from

Past Passive Participle

From √rah (to abandon, leave) with suffix -ita.

Root: rah (class 1)

सूर्यचन्द्राभ्याम् (sūryacandrābhyām) - by the sun and moon

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of sūryacandra

sūryacandra - sun and moon

Dvandva compound of sūrya (sun) and candra (moon).

Compound type : dvandva (sūrya+candra)

• sūrya – sun
  noun (masculine)
• candra – moon
  noun (masculine)

Note: Instrumental due to 'rahitām'.

संध्याम् (saṁdhyām) - twilight, evening

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of saṃdhyā

saṁdhyā - twilight, juncture of day and night, evening prayer

From sam + √dhā (to place, join).

Prefix: sam

Root: dhā (class 3)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

महत्तमः (mahattamaḥ) - Rāvaṇa, compared to great darkness. (great darkness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahattamas

mahattamas - greatest darkness, deepest gloom

Compound: mahat (great) + tamas (darkness).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+tamas)

• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective (neuter)
• tamas – darkness, gloom, ignorance
  noun (neuter)

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