वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-19, verse-20

रुक्मपुङ्खाश्च विशिखाः प्रदीप्ता हेमभूषणाः ।
अन्तरिक्षे महोल्कानां बभूवुस्तुल्यवर्चसः ॥२०॥

20. rukmapuṅkhāśca viśikhāḥ pradīptā hemabhūṣaṇāḥ ,
antarikṣe maholkānāṃ babhūvustulyavarcasaḥ.

20. rukmapuṅkhāḥ ca viśikhāḥ pradīptāḥ hemabhūṣaṇāḥ
antarikṣe maholkānām babhūvuḥ tulyavarcasaḥ

20. rukmapuṅkhāḥ pradīptāḥ hemabhūṣaṇāḥ ca viśikhāḥ
antarikṣe maholkānām tulyavarcasaḥ babhūvuḥ

20. The arrows, adorned with golden shafts and blazing brightly with golden ornaments, became as brilliant as great meteors in the sky.

Words meanings summery:

• रुक्मपुङ्खाः (rukmapuṅkhāḥ) - having golden shafts/feathers

• च (ca) - and, also

• विशिखाः (viśikhāḥ) - arrows (lit. 'without a barb' or 'without a tuft of hair on top')

• प्रदीप्ताः (pradīptāḥ) - blazing, shining brightly, inflamed

• हेमभूषणाः (hemabhūṣaṇāḥ) - adorned with gold, having golden ornaments

• अन्तरिक्षे (antarikṣe) - in the sky, in the atmosphere

• महोल्कानाम् (maholkānām) - of great meteors, of great firebrands

• बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they were, they became

• तुल्यवर्चसः (tulyavarcasaḥ) - of equal splendor/brilliance

Words meanings and morphology

रुक्मपुङ्खाः (rukmapuṅkhāḥ) - having golden shafts/feathers

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rukmapuṅkha

rukmapuṅkha - having golden shafts (of an arrow)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (rukma+puṅkha)

• rukma – gold, golden
  noun (neuter)
• puṅkha – feather (of an arrow), shaft
  noun (masculine)

Note: Nominative plural masculine, qualifying 'viśikhāḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

विशिखाः (viśikhāḥ) - arrows (lit. 'without a barb' or 'without a tuft of hair on top')

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viśikha

viśikha - arrow, dart (lit. 'headless', 'without top-knot')

Note: Nominative plural masculine.

प्रदीप्ताः (pradīptāḥ) - blazing, shining brightly, inflamed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pradīpta

pradīpta - shining, blazing, inflamed

Past Passive Participle

PPP of root 'dīp' with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: Nominative plural masculine, qualifying 'viśikhāḥ'.

हेमभूषणाः (hemabhūṣaṇāḥ) - adorned with gold, having golden ornaments

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hemabhūṣaṇa

hemabhūṣaṇa - adorned with gold

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (heman+bhūṣaṇa)

• heman – gold
  noun (neuter)
• bhūṣaṇa – ornament, adornment
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'bhūṣ' (to adorn).
  Root: bhūṣ (class 10)

Note: Nominative plural masculine, qualifying 'viśikhāḥ'.

अन्तरिक्षे (antarikṣe) - in the sky, in the atmosphere

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of antarikṣa

antarikṣa - atmosphere, sky, space

Note: Locative singular neuter.

महोल्कानाम् (maholkānām) - of great meteors, of great firebrands

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of maholkā

maholkā - a large meteor, a great firebrand

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ulkā)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ulkā – meteor, firebrand
  noun (feminine)

Note: Genitive plural feminine.

बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they were, they became

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of bhū

Perfect Active

Reduplicated root 'bhū' in perfect tense.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: 3rd person plural perfect active of root 'bhū'.

तुल्यवर्चसः (tulyavarcasaḥ) - of equal splendor/brilliance

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tulyavarcas

tulyavarcas - of equal splendor, similar in brilliance

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tulya+varcas)

• tulya – equal, similar
  adjective
  From 'tulā' (scale) + -ya.
• varcas – splendor, brilliance, energy
  noun (neuter)

Note: Nominative plural masculine, agreeing with 'viśikhāḥ'.