वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-90, verse-6

राजा वा राजमात्रो वा मृगयामटते वने ।
अन्यद्वा श्वापदं किं चित् सौमित्रे ज्ञातुमर्हसि ।
सर्वमेतद् यथातत्त्वमचिराज्ज्ञातुमर्हसि ॥६॥

6. rājā vā rājamātro vā mṛgayāmaṭate vane ,
anyadvā śvāpadaṃ kiṃ cit saumitre jñātumarhasi ,
sarvametad yathātattvamacirājjñātumarhasi.

6. rājā vā rājamātraḥ vā mṛgayām aṭate
vane anyat vā śvāpadam kim cit
saumitre jñātum arhasi sarvam etat
yathātattvam acirāt jñātum arhasi

6. saumitre rājā vā rājamātraḥ vā
mṛgayām vane aṭate vā anyat kim cit
śvāpadam jñātum arhasi etat sarvam
yathātattvam acirāt jñātum arhasi

6. “Is it a king or a royal attendant roaming in the forest for a hunt? Or is it some other beast of prey, O Saumitri? You must ascertain all of this exactly as it is, without delay.”

Words meanings summery:

• राजा (rājā) - a king (who might be hunting) (king, ruler)

• वा (vā) - or (indicating alternative possibilities) (or, either)

• राजमात्रः (rājamātraḥ) - a high-ranking royal official or prince (a royal attendant, a prince, a person of royal status)

• वा (vā) - or (indicating alternative possibilities) (or, either)

• मृगयाम् (mṛgayām) - for the purpose of hunting (hunting, the chase)

• अटते (aṭate) - is wandering (referring to the king or official) (he wanders, he roams)

• वने (vane) - in the forest (where they are) (in the forest, in a grove)

• अन्यत् (anyat) - some other (other, another)

• वा (vā) - or (indicating alternative possibilities) (or, either)

• श्वापदम् (śvāpadam) - a dangerous wild animal (beast of prey, carnivorous animal)

• किम् चित् (kim cit) - any (beast) (something, anything, some)

• सौमित्रे (saumitre) - O Lakṣmaṇa (being addressed) (son of Sumitrā)

• ज्ञातुम् (jñātum) - to find out (to know, to ascertain)

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought (to know) (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (of this) (all, whole)

• एतत् (etat) - this (current situation) (this, that)

• यथातत्त्वम् (yathātattvam) - exactly as it is (the reality of the situation) (according to the truth, truly, exactly as it is)

• अचिरात् (acirāt) - without any delay (quickly, immediately, without delay)

• ज्ञातुम् (jñātum) - to find out (to know, to ascertain)

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought (to know) (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

Words meanings and morphology

राजा (rājā) - a king (who might be hunting) (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Note: Subject of implied 'is' or 'wanders'.

वा (vā) - or (indicating alternative possibilities) (or, either)

(indeclinable)

राजमात्रः (rājamātraḥ) - a high-ranking royal official or prince (a royal attendant, a prince, a person of royal status)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājamātra

rājamātra - a royal attendant, a prince, a minister of state

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+mātra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• mātra – measure, quantity, only, mere
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of implied 'is' or 'wanders'.

वा (vā) - or (indicating alternative possibilities) (or, either)

(indeclinable)

मृगयाम् (mṛgayām) - for the purpose of hunting (hunting, the chase)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mṛgayā

mṛgayā - hunting, the chase

Root: mṛg (class 1)

Note: Object of the action 'aṭate' (wandering for hunting).

अटते (aṭate) - is wandering (referring to the king or official) (he wanders, he roams)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of aṭ

Root: aṭ (class 1)

Note: Refers to rājā or rājamātraḥ.

वने (vane) - in the forest (where they are) (in the forest, in a grove)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Note: Location of wandering/hunting.

अन्यत् (anyat) - some other (other, another)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Agrees with śvāpadam.

वा (vā) - or (indicating alternative possibilities) (or, either)

(indeclinable)

श्वापदम् (śvāpadam) - a dangerous wild animal (beast of prey, carnivorous animal)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śvāpada

śvāpada - a beast of prey, carnivorous animal, wild animal

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śvan+pada)

• śvan – dog
  noun (masculine)
• pada – foot, step, trace
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of implied 'is'.

किम् चित् (kim cit) - any (beast) (something, anything, some)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions adjectivally with śvāpadam.

सौमित्रे (saumitre) - O Lakṣmaṇa (being addressed) (son of Sumitrā)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saumitri

saumitri - son of Sumitrā (Lakṣmaṇa)

Note: Being addressed by Rāma.

ज्ञातुम् (jñātum) - to find out (to know, to ascertain)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

formed from root jñā 'to know'

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Used with arhasi to form 'you ought to know'.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought (to know) (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Used with an infinitive to express 'ought to' or 'should'.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (of this) (all, whole)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every

Note: Object of 'jñātum'.

एतत् (etat) - this (current situation) (this, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Agrees with sarvam; refers to the sound and fleeing animals.

यथातत्त्वम् (yathātattvam) - exactly as it is (the reality of the situation) (according to the truth, truly, exactly as it is)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+tattva)

• yathā – as, like, according to
  indeclinable
• tattva – truth, reality, essence
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'jñātum'.

अचिरात् (acirāt) - without any delay (quickly, immediately, without delay)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+cira)

• a – not, un-, without
  indeclinable
• cira – long time, ancient
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Functions as an adverb of time, 'quickly'.

ज्ञातुम् (jñātum) - to find out (to know, to ascertain)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

formed from root jñā 'to know'

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Used with arhasi to form 'you ought to know'.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought (to know) (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Used with an infinitive to express 'ought to' or 'should'.