वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-90, verse-1

तथा तत्रासतस्तस्य भरतस्योपयायिनः ।
सैन्य रेणुश्च शब्दश्च प्रादुरास्तां नभः स्पृशौ ॥१॥

1. tathā tatrāsatastasya bharatasyopayāyinaḥ ,
sainya reṇuśca śabdaśca prādurāstāṃ nabhaḥ spṛśau.

1. tathā tatra āsataḥ tasya bharatasya upayāyinaḥ
sainyareṇuḥ ca śabdaḥ ca prādurāstām nabhaḥspṛśau

1. tathā tatra āsataḥ tasya upayāyinaḥ bharatasya
sainyareṇuḥ ca śabdaḥ ca nabhaḥspṛśau prādurāstām

1. Thus, while Rama was dwelling there, as Bharata was approaching, both the dust from his army and the sounds (of its movement) appeared, touching the sky.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus (thus, so, in that manner)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (there, in that place)

• आसतः (āsataḥ) - while dwelling (of him dwelling/sitting, while dwelling/sitting)

• तस्य (tasya) - of his (Rama's) (of that, of him)

• भरतस्य (bharatasya) - of Bharata

• उपयायिनः (upayāyinaḥ) - as (Bharata) was approaching (of the approaching one, while approaching)

• सैन्यरेणुः (sainyareṇuḥ) - the dust from his army (dust of the army, army dust)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - the sound (of its movement) (sound, noise, word)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• प्रादुरास्ताम् (prādurāstām) - appeared (appeared, became manifest (dual))

• नभःस्पृशौ (nabhaḥspṛśau) - touching the sky (sky-touching, reaching the sky)

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

तत्र (tatra) - there (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

आसतः (āsataḥ) - while dwelling (of him dwelling/sitting, while dwelling/sitting)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of āsāt

āsāt - sitting, dwelling, being present

Present Active Participle

Prefix: ā

Root: ās (class 2)

तस्य (tasya) - of his (Rama's) (of that, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Rama, who was dwelling there.

भरतस्य (bharatasya) - of Bharata

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata, name of Rama's brother

उपयायिनः (upayāyinaḥ) - as (Bharata) was approaching (of the approaching one, while approaching)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of upayāyin

upayāyin - approaching, drawing near

Present Active Participle

Prefix: upa

Root: yā (class 2)

सैन्यरेणुः (sainyareṇuḥ) - the dust from his army (dust of the army, army dust)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sainyareṇu

sainyareṇu - dust of the army

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sainya+reṇu)

• sainya – army, host
  noun (neuter)
• reṇu – dust, sand, pollen
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - the sound (of its movement) (sound, noise, word)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

प्रादुरास्ताम् (prādurāstām) - appeared (appeared, became manifest (dual))

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, aorist (luṅ) of prādurbhū

From prādus (indeclinable) + √bhū; here, it conjugates with √as (to be) in the aorist.

Prefix: prādus

Root: bhū (class 1)

नभःस्पृशौ (nabhaḥspṛśau) - touching the sky (sky-touching, reaching the sky)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of nabhaḥspṛś

nabhaḥspṛś - sky-touching

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nabhas+spṛś)

• nabhas – sky, atmosphere, cloud
  noun (neuter)
• spṛś – touching, reaching
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  derived from root spṛś
  Root: spṛś (class 6)