वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-90, verse-20

अद्य पुत्रं हतं संख्ये कैकेयी राज्यकामुका ।
मया पश्येत् सुदुःखार्ता हस्तिभग्नमिव द्रुमम् ॥२०॥

20. adya putraṃ hataṃ saṃkhye kaikeyī rājyakāmukā ,
mayā paśyet suduḥkhārtā hastibhagnamiva drumam.

20. adya putram hatam saṃkhye kaikeyī rājyakāmukā
mayā paśyet sudūḥkhārtā hastibhagnam iva drumam

20. adya rājyakāmukā kaikeyī mayā saṃkhye hatam
putram sudūḥkhārtā hastibhagnam drumam iva paśyet

20. Today, Kaikeyī, who desired the kingdom, will see her son killed in battle. She will be greatly afflicted by sorrow, as if seeing a tree broken by an elephant.

Words meanings summery:

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• पुत्रम् (putram) - son

• हतम् (hatam) - killed, slain

• संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle, in conflict

• कैकेयी (kaikeyī) - Kaikeyī (name of the queen)

• राज्यकामुका (rājyakāmukā) - desirous of the kingdom, longing for sovereignty

• मया (mayā) - by me

• पश्येत् (paśyet) - she should see, she would see

• सुदूःखार्ता (sudūḥkhārtā) - greatly afflicted by sorrow, deeply distressed

• हस्तिभग्नम् (hastibhagnam) - broken by an elephant

• इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

• द्रुमम् (drumam) - tree

Words meanings and morphology

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

पुत्रम् (putram) - son

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

हतम् (hatam) - killed, slain

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck, injured

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'putram'.

संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of saṃkhya

saṁkhya - battle, war, conflict, enumeration

कैकेयी (kaikeyī) - Kaikeyī (name of the queen)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kaikeyī

kaikeyī - Kaikeyī (name of a queen, one of Daśaratha's wives)

राज्यकामुका (rājyakāmukā) - desirous of the kingdom, longing for sovereignty

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rājyakāmuka

rājyakāmuka - desirous of kingdom

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājya+kāmuka)

• rājya – kingdom, realm, sovereignty
  noun (neuter)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• kāmuka – desirous, longing, lustful
  adjective
  Derived from root kam (to desire)
  Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kaikeyī'.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

Note: Implies 'by my actions/power'.

पश्येत् (paśyet) - she should see, she would see

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of paś

Optative form of root dṛś, present stem paśya- (Class 1)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सुदूःखार्ता (sudūḥkhārtā) - greatly afflicted by sorrow, deeply distressed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sudūḥkhārta

sudūḥkhārta - greatly distressed or afflicted by sorrow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (su+duḥkha+ārta)

• su – good, well, greatly, intensely
  prefix
  Intensifying prefix
• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, misery, suffering
  noun (neuter)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, pained
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root ṛ (to go, to move) with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kaikeyī'.

हस्तिभग्नम् (hastibhagnam) - broken by an elephant

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hastibhagna

hastibhagna - broken by an elephant

Compound type : instrumental tatpuruṣa (hastin+bhagna)

• hastin – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• bhagna – broken, shattered, crushed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root bhañj (to break)
  Root: bhañj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'drumam'.

इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

(indeclinable)

द्रुमम् (drumam) - tree

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of druma

druma - tree