वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-80, verse-25

जटाधरौ तौ द्रुमचीरवाससौ महाबलौ कुञ्जरयूथपोपमौ ।
वरेषुचापासिधरौ परंतपौ व्यवेक्षमाणौ सह सीतया गतौ ॥२५॥

25. jaṭādharau tau drumacīravāsasau mahābalau kuñjarayūthapopamau ,
vareṣucāpāsidharau paraṃtapau vyavekṣamāṇau saha sītayā gatau.

25. jaṭādharau tau drumacīravāsasau mahābalau
kuñjarayūthapopamau vyavekṣamāṇau saha sītayā gatau

25. tau jaṭādharau drumacīravāsasau mahābalau
kuñjarayūthapopamau sītayā saha vyavekṣamāṇau gatau

25. Those two (Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa), bearing matted locks and clad in tree-bark garments, mighty and resembling two leaders of elephant herds, departed with Sītā, cautiously looking around.

Words meanings summery:

• जटाधरौ (jaṭādharau) - bearing matted locks, having matted hair

• तौ (tau) - those two (Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa) (those two, they two)

• द्रुमचीरवाससौ (drumacīravāsasau) - clad in tree-bark garments

• महाबलौ (mahābalau) - very strong, mighty

• कुञ्जरयूथपोपमौ (kuñjarayūthapopamau) - resembling leaders of elephant herds

• व्यवेक्षमाणौ (vyavekṣamāṇau) - looking around, observing, watching

• सह (saha) - with, along with

• सीतया (sītayā) - by Sītā, with Sītā

• गतौ (gatau) - went, departed, having gone

Words meanings and morphology

जटाधरौ (jaṭādharau) - bearing matted locks, having matted hair

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of jaṭādhara

jaṭādhara - one who bears matted locks

A compound formed from 'jaṭā' (matted hair) and 'dhara' (bearing).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jaṭā+dhara)

• jaṭā – matted hair, braided hair
  noun (feminine)
• dhara – bearing, holding, wearing
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/suffix
  From √dhṛ (to bear, hold)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Refers to Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa.

तौ (tau) - those two (Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa) (those two, they two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

द्रुमचीरवाससौ (drumacīravāsasau) - clad in tree-bark garments

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of drumacīravāsas

drumacīravāsas - wearing garments of tree-bark

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (druma+cīra+vāsas)

• druma – tree
  noun (masculine)
• cīra – strip of cloth, bark, rag
  noun (masculine/neuter)
• vāsas – garment, clothing
  noun (neuter)

महाबलौ (mahābalau) - very strong, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, very powerful

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

कुञ्जरयूथपोपमौ (kuñjarayūthapopamau) - resembling leaders of elephant herds

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kuñjarayūthapopama

kuñjarayūthapopama - resembling a leader of an elephant herd

Tatpuruṣa compound 'kuñjarayūthapa' + 'upama'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuñjara+yūthapa+upama)

• kuñjara – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• yūthapa – leader of a herd, chief of a troop
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pā (class 1)
• upama – resembling, similar, comparable
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: mā (class 2)

व्यवेक्षमाणौ (vyavekṣamāṇau) - looking around, observing, watching

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vyavekṣamāṇa

vyavekṣamāṇa - looking about, observing

Present Middle Participle

From √īkṣ (to see) with prefixes vi + ava. Middle voice participle suffix -māna.

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)

Governs instrumental case.

सीतया (sītayā) - by Sītā, with Sītā

(proper noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sītā (name of Rāma's wife)

गतौ (gatau) - went, departed, having gone

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of gata

gata - gone, departed, reached

Past Passive Participle (PPP)

From √gam (to go). Often used in an active sense with intransitive verbs.

Root: gam (class 1)