वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-72, verse-19

तैर्वाक्यैः परुषैर्दुःखैः कैकेयी भृशदुःखिता ।
शत्रुघ्न भयसंत्रस्ता पुत्रं शरणमागता ॥१९॥

19. tairvākyaiḥ paruṣairduḥkhaiḥ kaikeyī bhṛśaduḥkhitā ,
śatrughna bhayasaṃtrastā putraṃ śaraṇamāgatā.

19. taiḥ vākyaiḥ paruṣaiḥ duḥkhaiḥ kaikeyī bhṛśa-duḥkhitā
śatrughna-bhaya-saṃtrastā putram śaraṇam āgatā

19. taiḥ paruṣaiḥ duḥkhaiḥ vākyaiḥ bhṛśa-duḥkhitā
śatrughna-bhaya-saṃtrastā kaikeyī putram śaraṇam āgatā

19. Kaikeyī, greatly distressed and utterly terrified by those harsh, painful words (spoken by Shatrughna), sought refuge with her son.

Words meanings summery:

• तैः (taiḥ) - by those, with those

• वाक्यैः (vākyaiḥ) - by words, by speeches

• परुषैः (paruṣaiḥ) - by harsh, by cruel

• दुःखैः (duḥkhaiḥ) - by painful, by sorrowful

• कैकेयी (kaikeyī) - Kaikeyī

• भृश-दुःखिता (bhṛśa-duḥkhitā) - greatly distressed, very sorrowful

• शत्रुघ्न-भय-संत्रस्ता (śatrughna-bhaya-saṁtrastā) - terrified by fear of Shatrughna, struck with fear of Shatrughna

• पुत्रम् (putram) - son

• शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge, shelter, protection

• आगता (āgatā) - came, resorted, arrived

Words meanings and morphology

तैः (taiḥ) - by those, with those

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वाक्यैः (vākyaiḥ) - by words, by speeches

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement

परुषैः (paruṣaiḥ) - by harsh, by cruel

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of paruṣa

paruṣa - rough, harsh, cruel, hard, stern

दुःखैः (duḥkhaiḥ) - by painful, by sorrowful

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of duḥkha

duḥkha - pain, sorrow, misery, suffering, unhappy

कैकेयी (kaikeyī) - Kaikeyī

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kaikeyī

kaikeyī - Kaikeyī (proper name, queen of Ayodhyā)

भृश-दुःखिता (bhṛśa-duḥkhitā) - greatly distressed, very sorrowful

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhṛśa-duḥkhita

bhṛśa-duḥkhita - greatly grieved, deeply pained

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (bhṛśa+duḥkhita)

• bhṛśa – much, strong, intense, greatly, intensely
  adjective (neuter)
• duḥkhita – distressed, sorrowful, grieved, miserable
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from duḥkha (pain/sorrow) or the verb duḥkhayati (to cause pain) with the suffix kta.

शत्रुघ्न-भय-संत्रस्ता (śatrughna-bhaya-saṁtrastā) - terrified by fear of Shatrughna, struck with fear of Shatrughna

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śatrughna-bhaya-saṃtrasta

śatrughna-bhaya-saṁtrasta - terrified due to fear of Shatrughna

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (śatrughna+bhaya+saṃtrasta)

• śatrughna – Shatrughna (proper name, Rama's youngest brother)
  proper noun (masculine)
• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
• saṃtrasta – terrified, frightened, alarmed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root tras (to tremble, to be afraid) with prefix sam, and suffix kta for past passive participle.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: tras (class 1)

पुत्रम् (putram) - son

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge, shelter, protection

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śaraṇa

śaraṇa - refuge, shelter, protection, resort, asylum

Note: Used here as an object of motion/resort.

आगता (āgatā) - came, resorted, arrived

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, approached

Past Passive Participle

From root gam (to go, come) with prefix ā, and suffix kta for past passive participle. Functions as a finite verb here.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)