वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-7, verse-9

सा दह्यमाना कोपेन मन्थरा पापदर्शिनी ।
शयानामेत्य कैकेयीमिदं वचनमब्रवीत् ॥९॥

9. sā dahyamānā kopena mantharā pāpadarśinī ,
śayānāmetya kaikeyīmidaṃ vacanamabravīt.

9. sā dahyamānā kopena mantharā pāpadarśinī
śayānām etya kaikeyīm idam vacanam abravīt

9. sā pāpadarśinī mantharā kopena dahyamānā,
śayānām kaikeyīm etya,
idam vacanam abravīt

9. Burning with rage (kopa), that Mantharā, whose vision was tainted by evil, approached Kaikeyī, who was lying down, and spoke these words.

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - that (Mantharā) (she, that)

• दह्यमाना (dahyamānā) - burning (with anger) (burning, being consumed)

• कोपेन (kopena) - with rage (kopa) (by anger, with rage)

• मन्थरा (mantharā) - Mantharā (the hunchback maid) (Mantharā (proper name), slow, dull)

• पापदर्शिनी (pāpadarśinī) - whose vision was tainted by evil (seeing evil, having evil thoughts, having evil designs)

• शयानाम् (śayānām) - who was lying down (lying, sleeping)

• एत्य (etya) - having approached (having approached, having come)

• कैकेयीम् (kaikeyīm) - Kaikeyī (Kaikeyī (proper name))

• इदम् (idam) - these (this)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - words (word, speech, command, saying)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (spoke, said, told)

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - that (Mantharā) (she, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Refers to Mantharā.

दह्यमाना (dahyamānā) - burning (with anger) (burning, being consumed)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dahyamāna

dahyamāna - burning, being burnt, tormented

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root dah (class 1) in passive voice, present participle.

Root: dah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Mantharā.

कोपेन (kopena) - with rage (kopa) (by anger, with rage)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kopa

kopa - anger, wrath, rage

Root: kup (class 4)

Note: Indicates the cause of 'burning'.

मन्थरा (mantharā) - Mantharā (the hunchback maid) (Mantharā (proper name), slow, dull)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mantharā

mantharā - Mantharā (proper name of a hunchback maid), slow, dull

पापदर्शिनी (pāpadarśinī) - whose vision was tainted by evil (seeing evil, having evil thoughts, having evil designs)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pāpadarśin

pāpadarśin - seeing evil, having evil designs, wicked-minded

Derived from pāpa (evil) and darśin (seeing).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāpa+darśin)

• pāpa – evil, sin, wickedness
  noun (neuter)
• darśin – seeing, viewing, knowing
  adjective (masculine)
  From root dṛś (to see).
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Mantharā.

शयानाम् (śayānām) - who was lying down (lying, sleeping)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śayāna

śayāna - lying, sleeping, reposing

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root śī (class 2) with the middle voice participle suffix -āna.

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Qualifies Kaikeyīm.

एत्य (etya) - having approached (having approached, having come)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Derived from root i (class 2) with prefix ā- (implicit, often used with i to mean 'approach') and suffix -ya (for roots ending in a vowel or with an upasarga).

Prefix: ā

Root: i (class 2)

Note: An indeclinable verbal participle (absolutive).

कैकेयीम् (kaikeyīm) - Kaikeyī (Kaikeyī (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kaikeyī

kaikeyī - Kaikeyī (a queen of Ayodhya, wife of Daśaratha and mother of Bharata)

Note: Object of 'having approached'.

इदम् (idam) - these (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Qualifies 'vacanam'.

वचनम् (vacanam) - words (word, speech, command, saying)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, saying, command

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'spoke'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (spoke, said, told)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect tense (laṅ), third person singular, active voice. Root brū (class 2/3).

Root: brū (class 2)

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