वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-7, verse-13

कैकेयी त्वब्रवीत् कुब्जां कच्चित् क्षेमं न मन्थरे ।
विषण्णवदनां हि त्वां लक्षये भृशदुःखिताम् ॥१३॥

13. kaikeyī tvabravīt kubjāṃ kaccit kṣemaṃ na manthare ,
viṣaṇṇavadanāṃ hi tvāṃ lakṣaye bhṛśaduḥkhitām.

13. kaikeyī tu abravīt kubjām kaccit kṣemam na manthare
viṣaṇṇavadanām hi tvām lakṣaye bhṛśaduḥkhitām

13. kaikeyī tu kubjām abravīt.
manthare,
kaccit kṣemam na? hi (aham) tvām viṣaṇṇavadanām bhṛśaduḥkhitām lakṣaye.

13. Then Kaikeyī said to the hunchback, 'O Mantharā, I hope you are well? Indeed, I see you with a dejected face, appearing greatly distressed.'

Words meanings summery:

• कैकेयी (kaikeyī) - Queen Kaikeyī, one of Dasharatha's wives (Kaikeyī (name of a queen))

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

• कुब्जाम् (kubjām) - to Mantharā (to the hunchback)

• कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope that, is it true that?

• क्षेमम् (kṣemam) - well-being, welfare, safety

• न (na) - not, no

• मन्थरे (manthare) - O Mantharā, the hunchback maid (O Mantharā)

• विषण्णवदनाम् (viṣaṇṇavadanām) - with a dejected face

• हि (hi) - for, because (indeed, because, for)

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you

• लक्षये (lakṣaye) - I perceive, I see, I notice

• भृशदुःखिताम् (bhṛśaduḥkhitām) - extremely distressed, deeply sorrowful

Words meanings and morphology

कैकेयी (kaikeyī) - Queen Kaikeyī, one of Dasharatha's wives (Kaikeyī (name of a queen))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kaikeyī

kaikeyī - Kaikeyī (proper name)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect 3rd singular

A-augment, root brū, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada

Root: brū (class 2)

कुब्जाम् (kubjām) - to Mantharā (to the hunchback)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kubjā

kubjā - hunchback, crooked woman

कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope that, is it true that?

(indeclinable)

क्षेमम् (kṣemam) - well-being, welfare, safety

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṣema

kṣema - well-being, welfare, safety, prosperity

Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: Can also be an adjective. Here it functions as a noun.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Here used to form a question, implying 'isn't it?' or 'is it not?'

मन्थरे (manthare) - O Mantharā, the hunchback maid (O Mantharā)

(proper noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of mantharā

mantharā - Mantharā (proper name)

विषण्णवदनाम् (viṣaṇṇavadanām) - with a dejected face

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of viṣaṇṇavadana

viṣaṇṇavadana - having a dejected face, sad-faced

Bahuvrīhi compound 'viṣaṇṇa' (dejected) + 'vadana' (face), feminine form

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (viṣaṇṇa+vadana)

• viṣaṇṇa – dejected, sad, dispirited
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From prefix vi- and root sad (to sink)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: sad (class 1)
• vadana – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)
  From root vad (to speak)
  Root: vad (class 1)

हि (hi) - for, because (indeed, because, for)

(indeclinable)

त्वाम् (tvām) - you

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

2nd person pronoun

लक्षये (lakṣaye) - I perceive, I see, I notice

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of lakṣ

Present 1st singular middle

From root lakṣ, 1st person singular, ātmanepada

Root: lakṣ (class 10)

भृशदुःखिताम् (bhṛśaduḥkhitām) - extremely distressed, deeply sorrowful

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhṛśaduḥkhitā

bhṛśaduḥkhitā - greatly distressed, deeply sorrowful

Tatpuruṣa compound 'bhṛśa' (very, intensely) + 'duḥkhita' (distressed), feminine form

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhṛśa+duḥkhita)

• bhṛśa – much, very, intense, great
  indeclinable
• duḥkhita – distressed, grieved, unhappy
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root duḥkh (to suffer)
  Root: duḥkh (class 10)

Note: Agrees with "tvām".