वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-7, verse-11

अनिष्टे सुभगाकारे सौभाग्येन विकत्थसे ।
चलं हि तव सौभाग्यं नद्यः स्रोत इवोष्णगे ॥११॥

11. aniṣṭe subhagākāre saubhāgyena vikatthase ,
calaṃ hi tava saubhāgyaṃ nadyaḥ srota ivoṣṇage.

11. aniṣṭe subhagākāre saubhāgyena vikatthase calam
hi tava saubhāgyam nadyaḥ srotaḥ iva uṣṇage

11. aniṣṭe subhagākāre,
saubhāgyena vikatthase.
hi tava saubhāgyam calam; uṣṇage nadyaḥ srotaḥ iva.

11. O ill-fated one (aniṣṭe), though you appear fortunate, you boast about your good fortune. Indeed, your good fortune is fickle, like the currents of rivers in the summer season.

Words meanings summery:

• अनिष्टे (aniṣṭe) - O ill-fated one! (undesirable, ill-fated, inauspicious)

• सुभगाकारे (subhagākāre) - though you appear fortunate (having a beautiful form, appearing fortunate)

• सौभाग्येन (saubhāgyena) - about your good fortune (by good fortune, with happiness)

• विकत्थसे (vikatthase) - you boast (you boast, you brag, you vaunt yourself)

• चलम् (calam) - fickle (fickle, unsteady, moving, perishable)

• हि (hi) - indeed (for, indeed, because)

• तव (tava) - your (your, of you)

• सौभाग्यम् (saubhāgyam) - good fortune (good fortune, prosperity, happiness)

• नद्यः (nadyaḥ) - rivers

• स्रोतः (srotaḥ) - currents (current, stream, flow)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• उष्णगे (uṣṇage) - in the summer season (in the hot season, in summer)

Words meanings and morphology

अनिष्टे (aniṣṭe) - O ill-fated one! (undesirable, ill-fated, inauspicious)

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of aniṣṭa

aniṣṭa - undesirable, unliked, ill-fated, inauspicious

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root iṣ (to wish, to desire) with negative prefix an- and past passive suffix -ta.

Prefix: an

Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Used as a vocative, addressing Kaikeyī.

सुभगाकारे (subhagākāre) - though you appear fortunate (having a beautiful form, appearing fortunate)

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of subhagākāra

subhagākāra - having a beautiful form, appearing lovely or fortunate

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (subhaga+ākāra)

• subhaga – fortunate, beloved, handsome, beautiful
  adjective (masculine)
• ākāra – form, shape, appearance
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used as a vocative, addressing Kaikeyī, describing her outward appearance.

सौभाग्येन (saubhāgyena) - about your good fortune (by good fortune, with happiness)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of saubhāgya

saubhāgya - good fortune, prosperity, happiness, loveliness

Derived from 'subhaga' (fortunate) with suffix -ya.

Note: Indicates the object of boasting.

विकत्थसे (vikatthase) - you boast (you boast, you brag, you vaunt yourself)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vikatth

Present tense (laṭ), second person singular, middle voice. Formed with prefix vi- and root katth (class 1).

Prefix: vi

Root: katth (class 1)

चलम् (calam) - fickle (fickle, unsteady, moving, perishable)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of cala

cala - moving, trembling, unsteady, fickle, perishable

Root: cal (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'saubhāgyam'.

हि (hi) - indeed (for, indeed, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the statement.

तव (tava) - your (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (second person pronoun)

सौभाग्यम् (saubhāgyam) - good fortune (good fortune, prosperity, happiness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saubhāgya

saubhāgya - good fortune, prosperity, happiness, loveliness

Derived from 'subhaga' (fortunate) with suffix -ya.

नद्यः (nadyaḥ) - rivers

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of nadī

nadī - river

स्रोतः (srotaḥ) - currents (current, stream, flow)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of srotas

srotas - stream, current, flow, torrent

Root: sru (class 1)

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

उष्णगे (uṣṇage) - in the summer season (in the hot season, in summer)

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of uṣṇaga

uṣṇaga - going in heat, summer season (as a time)

Derived from uṣṇa (hot) and ga (going).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (uṣṇa+ga)

• uṣṇa – hot, warm
  adjective (masculine)
• ga – going, moving
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially here as 'in the hot season'.

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