वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-7, verse-2

सिक्तराजपथां कृत्स्नां प्रकीर्णकमलोत्पलाम् ।
अयोध्यां मन्थरा तस्मात् प्रासादादन्ववैक्षत ॥२॥

2. siktarājapathāṃ kṛtsnāṃ prakīrṇakamalotpalām ,
ayodhyāṃ mantharā tasmāt prāsādādanvavaikṣata.

2. sikta-rāja-pathām kṛtsnām prakīrṇa-kamala-utpalām
ayodhyām mantharā tasmāt prāsādāt anvavaikṣata

2. mantharā tasmāt prāsādāt kṛtsnām sikta-rāja-pathām
prakīrṇa-kamala-utpalām ayodhyām anvavaikṣata

2. From that palace, Manthara gazed down upon the entire city of Ayodhya, where the royal roads had been sprinkled (with water) and lotuses and water-lilies were scattered.

Words meanings summery:

• सिक्त-राज-पथाम् (sikta-rāja-pathām) - whose main streets were ceremonially sprinkled (with water) (whose royal roads are sprinkled)

• कृत्स्नाम् (kṛtsnām) - the entire (city of Ayodhya) (entire, whole, complete)

• प्रकीर्ण-कमल-उत्पलाम् (prakīrṇa-kamala-utpalām) - with lotuses and blue water-lilies scattered (on the ground) (strewn with lotuses and water-lilies)

• अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - the city of Ayodhya (Ayodhya (proper noun))

• मन्थरा (mantharā) - Manthara, Kaikeyī's maidservant (Manthara (proper noun))

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that (specific palace) (from that, thence)

• प्रासादात् (prāsādāt) - from the palace (where she was) (from the palace, from the mansion)

• अन्ववैक्षत (anvavaikṣata) - she gazed down upon (the city below) (she looked down upon, she observed)

Words meanings and morphology

सिक्त-राज-पथाम् (sikta-rāja-pathām) - whose main streets were ceremonially sprinkled (with water) (whose royal roads are sprinkled)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of siktarājapathā

siktarājapathā - having sprinkled royal roads

Bahuvrihi compound: 'sikta' (sprinkled) + 'rājapatha' (royal road).

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (sikta+rājapatha)

• sikta – sprinkled, wetted, moistened
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from the root √sic (to sprinkle) with the past passive participle suffix 'kta'.
  Root: √sic (class 6)
• rājapatha – royal road, highway
  noun (masculine)
  Tatpurusha compound: 'rājan' (king) + 'patha' (road).

Note: Modifies 'ayodhyām'.

कृत्स्नाम् (kṛtsnām) - the entire (city of Ayodhya) (entire, whole, complete)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṛtsna

kṛtsna - entire, whole, complete, all

Note: Modifies 'ayodhyām'.

प्रकीर्ण-कमल-उत्पलाम् (prakīrṇa-kamala-utpalām) - with lotuses and blue water-lilies scattered (on the ground) (strewn with lotuses and water-lilies)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prakīrṇakamalotpala

prakīrṇakamalotpala - strewn with lotuses and water-lilies

Bahuvrihi compound: 'prakīrṇa' (scattered) + 'kamalotpala' (lotuses and water-lilies).

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (prakīrṇa+kamalotpala)

• prakīrṇa – scattered, strewn, dispersed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from the root √kīr (to scatter) with prefix 'pra' and the past passive participle suffix 'kta'.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: √kīr (class 6)
• kamalotpala – lotuses and water-lilies
  noun (neuter)
  Dvandva compound 'kamala' (lotus) + 'utpala' (water-lily/blue lotus).

Note: Modifies 'ayodhyām'.

अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - the city of Ayodhya (Ayodhya (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ayodhyā

ayodhyā - Ayodhya (name of the capital city of Kosala, where Rama ruled)

From 'a' (not) + 'yodhya' (to be fought). Meaning 'invincible, not to be warred against'.

Prefix: a

Root: √yudh (class 4)

Note: Direct object of 'anvavaikṣata'.

मन्थरा (mantharā) - Manthara, Kaikeyī's maidservant (Manthara (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mantharā

mantharā - Manthara (proper name of Kaikeyī's hunchbacked maidservant)

Note: Subject of the verb 'anvavaikṣata'.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that (specific palace) (from that, thence)

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Pronominal stem.

Note: Modifies 'prāsādāt'.

प्रासादात् (prāsādāt) - from the palace (where she was) (from the palace, from the mansion)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of prāsāda

prāsāda - palace, mansion, lofty building, temple

From 'pra-√sad' (to sit, to dwell prominently).

Prefix: pra

Root: √sad (class 1)

Note: Indicates the point of origin for gazing.

अन्ववैक्षत (anvavaikṣata) - she gazed down upon (the city below) (she looked down upon, she observed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of √īkṣ

Imperfect Indicative

Imperfect (Laṅ) form of the root √īkṣ with prefixes 'anu' and 'ava'.

Prefixes: anu+ava

Root: √īkṣ (class 1)

Note: The verb implies looking from a height downwards.

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