वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-108, verse-8

अथर्षिर्जरया वृद्धस्तपसा च जरां गतः ।
वेपमान इवोवाच रामं भूतदयापरम् ॥८॥

8. atharṣirjarayā vṛddhastapasā ca jarāṃ gataḥ ,
vepamāna ivovāca rāmaṃ bhūtadayāparam.

8. atha ṛṣiḥ jarayā vṛddhaḥ tapasā ca jarām
gataḥ vepamānaḥ iva uvāca rāmam bhūtadayāparam

8. atha jarayā vṛddhaḥ tapasā ca jarām gataḥ
vepamānaḥ iva ṛṣiḥ bhūtadayāparam rāmam uvāca

8. Then the sage, old with age and further aged by asceticism (tapas), spoke to Rama, who was greatly compassionate towards all beings, as if trembling.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage, seer

• जरया (jarayā) - by old age, through decrepitude

• वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - old, aged, grown

• तपसा (tapasā) - by asceticism (tapas), by penance

• च (ca) - and

• जराम् (jarām) - old age

• गतः (gataḥ) - gone to, reached, attained

• वेपमानः (vepamānaḥ) - trembling, shaking

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as it were

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• रामम् (rāmam) - to Rama

• भूतदयापरम् (bhūtadayāparam) - supremely compassionate towards beings, devoted to compassion for creatures

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage, seer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Root: ṛṣ

जरया (jarayā) - by old age, through decrepitude

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of jarā

jarā - old age, decrepitude, decay

From √jṝ (to wear out, decay).

Root: jṝ (class 9)

वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - old, aged, grown

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - grown, increased, old, aged, revered

Past Passive Participle

From √vṛdh (to grow, increase).

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

तपसा (tapasā) - by asceticism (tapas), by penance

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - asceticism, penance, spiritual heat (tapas)

From √tap (to heat, to perform penance).

Root: tap (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

जराम् (jarām) - old age

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jarā

jarā - old age, decrepitude, decay

From √jṝ (to wear out, decay).

Root: jṝ (class 9)

Note: Object of gataḥ.

गतः (gataḥ) - gone to, reached, attained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, arrived, reached, attained

Past Passive Participle

From √gam (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

वेपमानः (vepamānaḥ) - trembling, shaking

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vepamāna

vepamāna - trembling, shaking

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

From √vep (to tremble, shake).

Root: vep (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as if, as it were

(indeclinable)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Reduplicated perfect.

Root: vac (class 2)

रामम् (rāmam) - to Rama

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (proper name, son of Dasaratha)

Note: Object of uvāca.

भूतदयापरम् (bhūtadayāparam) - supremely compassionate towards beings, devoted to compassion for creatures

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhūtadayāpara

bhūtadayāpara - supremely compassionate towards creatures, devoted to compassion for beings

Compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūtadayā+para)

• bhūta – being, creature, element, past
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √bhū (to be, become).
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• dayā – compassion, pity, sympathy
  noun (feminine)
  Root: day (class 1)
• para – devoted to, intent on, supreme, chief
  adjective (masculine)