वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-108, verse-18

तैर्दुरात्मभिराविष्टानाश्रमान्प्रजिहासवः ।
गमनायान्यदेशस्य चोदयन्त्य् ऋषयो ऽद्य माम् ॥१८॥

18. tairdurātmabhirāviṣṭānāśramānprajihāsavaḥ ,
gamanāyānyadeśasya codayanty ṛṣayo'dya mām.

18. taiḥ durātmabhiḥ āviṣṭān āśramān prajihāsavaḥ
gamanāya anya deśasya codayanti ṛṣayaḥ adya mām

18. adya taiḥ durātmabhiḥ āviṣṭān āśramān prajihāsavaḥ
ṛṣayaḥ anya deśasya gamanāya mām codayanti

18. Today, the sages, desiring to leave their hermitages which have been occupied by those evil-minded beings, are urging me to go to another land.

Words meanings summery:

• तैः (taiḥ) - by those (demons) (by them)

• दुरात्मभिः (durātmabhiḥ) - by the evil-minded (demons) (by the evil-minded, by the wicked-souled)

• आविष्टान् (āviṣṭān) - occupied (by them) (occupied, entered, possessed)

• आश्रमान् (āśramān) - hermitages (hermitages, sanctuaries, retreats)

• प्रजिहासवः (prajihāsavaḥ) - desiring to leave (the hermitages) (those wishing to abandon, desiring to give up)

• गमनाय (gamanāya) - for going (for going, for departure)

• अन्य (anya) - another (other, another, different)

• देशस्य (deśasya) - of the land/region (of the place, of the country, of the region)

• चोदयन्ति (codayanti) - they are urging (they urge, they impel, they incite)

• ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - the sages (sages, seers)

• अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

• माम् (mām) - me

Words meanings and morphology

तैः (taiḥ) - by those (demons) (by them)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Instrumental plural of 'tad', referring to the 'durātman' (evil-minded beings).

दुरात्मभिः (durātmabhiḥ) - by the evil-minded (demons) (by the evil-minded, by the wicked-souled)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of durātman

durātman - evil-minded, wicked, malicious

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dus+ātman)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
  prefix
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)

Note: Instrumental plural, describing the agents of occupation.

आविष्टान् (āviṣṭān) - occupied (by them) (occupied, entered, possessed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of āviṣṭa

āviṣṭa - entered, possessed, occupied, seized

Past Passive Participle

from root √viś (to enter) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Accusative plural masculine, agreeing with āśramān.

आश्रमान् (āśramān) - hermitages (hermitages, sanctuaries, retreats)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of āśrama

āśrama - hermitage, sanctuary, retreat; a stage of life

from √śram (to toil) with ā

Prefix: ā

Root: śram (class 4)

Note: Object of 'prajihāsavaḥ' (those wishing to abandon).

प्रजिहासवः (prajihāsavaḥ) - desiring to leave (the hermitages) (those wishing to abandon, desiring to give up)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prajihāsu

prajihāsu - wishing to abandon, desirous of giving up

Desiderative of √hā with pra

from pra + √hā (to abandon) in desiderative stem, forming an adjective

Prefix: pra

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Nominative plural masculine, agreeing with ṛṣayaḥ.

गमनाय (gamanāya) - for going (for going, for departure)

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of gamana

gamana - going, moving, journey, departure

action noun

from √gam (to go) with suffix -ana

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Dative singular, expressing purpose ('for going').

अन्य (anya) - another (other, another, different)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Genitive singular masculine, agreeing with deśasya.

देशस्य (deśasya) - of the land/region (of the place, of the country, of the region)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - place, country, region, spot

Note: Genitive singular, dependent on 'gamanāya' (going to a region).

चोदयन्ति (codayanti) - they are urging (they urge, they impel, they incite)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of √cud

causative present

from √cud in causative stem (-ay-), present indicative

Root: cud (class 10)

Note: Verb, with ṛṣayaḥ as the subject.

ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - the sages (sages, seers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Note: Subject of 'codayanti'.

अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Object of 'codayanti'.