वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-108, verse-1

प्रतिप्रयाते भरते वसन् रामस्तपोवने ।
लक्षयामास सोद्वेगमथौत्सुक्यं तपस्विनाम् ॥१॥

1. pratiprayāte bharate vasan rāmastapovane ,
lakṣayāmāsa sodvegamathautsukyaṃ tapasvinām.

1. pratiprayāte bharate vasan rāmaḥ tapovane
lakṣayāmāsa sodvegam atha autsukyam tapasvinām

1. bharate pratiprayāte,
tapo-vane vasan rāmaḥ atha sodvegam autsukyam tapasvinām lakṣayāmāsa

1. After Bharata had returned, Rama, who was residing in the penance grove (tapovana), then perceived the agitated eagerness (autsukyam) of the ascetics (tapasvin).

Words meanings summery:

• प्रतिप्रयाते (pratiprayāte) - when Bharata had returned (having returned, when he returned)

• भरते (bharate) - when Bharata (locative absolute) (in Bharata, concerning Bharata)

• वसन् (vasan) - (Rama) residing (residing, dwelling)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (main subject of the second part of the verse) (Rama (proper name))

• तपोवने (tapovane) - in the penance grove (tapovana) (where Rama was residing) (in the penance grove, in the ascetic forest)

• लक्षयामास (lakṣayāmāsa) - he (Rama) perceived (he saw, he perceived, he noticed)

• सोद्वेगम् (sodvegam) - agitated (eagerness) (with agitation, agitated, distressed)

• अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)

• औत्सुय्कम् (autsuykam) - the eagerness (of the ascetics) (eagerness, anxiety, longing)

• तपस्विनाम् (tapasvinām) - of the ascetics (tapasvin) in the grove (of the ascetics, of the hermits)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रतिप्रयाते (pratiprayāte) - when Bharata had returned (having returned, when he returned)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of pratiprayāta

pratiprayāta - returned, gone back

Past Passive Participle

From prefix prati- + pra- + root yā (to go)

Prefixes: prati+pra

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Part of locative absolute construction with 'bharate'.

भरते (bharate) - when Bharata (locative absolute) (in Bharata, concerning Bharata)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (name of a king, brother of Rama), supporter, maintainer

Note: Subject of locative absolute construction.

वसन् (vasan) - (Rama) residing (residing, dwelling)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vas

vas - to dwell, live, reside

Present Active Participle

From root vas (to dwell)

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Modifies Rama.

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (main subject of the second part of the verse) (Rama (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of the hero of Ramayana), pleasing, delightful

Note: Main subject of the action 'lakṣayāmāsa'.

तपोवने (tapovane) - in the penance grove (tapovana) (where Rama was residing) (in the penance grove, in the ascetic forest)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tapovana

tapovana - penance grove, hermitage forest

Compound: tapas (penance) + vana (forest)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tapas+vana)

• tapas – penance, asceticism, religious austerity
  noun (neuter)
• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)

Note: Locative case, indicating place.

लक्षयामास (lakṣayāmāsa) - he (Rama) perceived (he saw, he perceived, he noticed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (lit) of lakṣ

Periphrastic Perfect

Periphrastic perfect of causative 'lakṣayāmi' (root lakṣ, 10th class causative, periphrastic perfect with āmāsa)

Root: lakṣ (class 10)

Note: Main verb.

सोद्वेगम् (sodvegam) - agitated (eagerness) (with agitation, agitated, distressed)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sodvega

sodvega - agitated, distressed, with agitation

Compound: sa (with) + udvega (agitation, anxiety)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+udvega)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• udvega – agitation, distress, anxiety, excitement
  noun (masculine)
  From ud- + root vij (to tremble, be agitated)
  Prefix: ud
  Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Modifies 'autsuykam'.

अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

औत्सुय्कम् (autsuykam) - the eagerness (of the ascetics) (eagerness, anxiety, longing)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of autsukya

autsukya - eagerness, curiosity, anxiety, longing

Derived from utsuka (eager, anxious)

Note: Object of 'lakṣayāmāsa'.

तपस्विनाम् (tapasvinām) - of the ascetics (tapasvin) in the grove (of the ascetics, of the hermits)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tapasvin

tapasvin - ascetic, hermit, one who performs penance (tapas)

Possessive suffix -vin added to tapas

Note: Genitive of possession, modifying 'autsuykam'.