वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-108, verse-19

तत् पुरा राम शारीरामुपहिंसां तपस्विषु ।
दर्शयति हि दुष्टास्ते त्यक्ष्याम इममाश्रमम् ॥१९॥

19. tat purā rāma śārīrāmupahiṃsāṃ tapasviṣu ,
darśayati hi duṣṭāste tyakṣyāma imamāśramam.

19. tat purā rāma śārīrām upahiṃsām tapasviṣu
darśayati hi duṣṭāḥ te tyakṣyāma imam āśramam

19. rāma tat hi te duṣṭāḥ purā tapasviṣu śārīrām
upahiṃsām darśayati (iti) imam āśramam tyakṣyāma

19. Therefore, O Rama, since those wicked beings have previously inflicted bodily harm upon the ascetics, we will abandon this hermitage.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - therefore (therefore, that, on that account)

• पुरा (purā) - previously (formerly, in the past, before)

• राम (rāma) - O Rama

• शारीराम् (śārīrām) - bodily (bodily, physical)

• उपहिंसाम् (upahiṁsām) - harm (harm, injury, violence)

• तपस्विषु (tapasviṣu) - upon the ascetics (among ascetics, to ascetics)

• दर्शयति (darśayati) - they inflict (literally 'cause to see') (he shows, he causes to see, he inflicts)

• हि (hi) - since (for, indeed, because)

• दुष्टाः (duṣṭāḥ) - wicked (beings) (wicked, evil, corrupt)

• ते (te) - those (wicked ones) (those, they)

• त्यक्ष्याम (tyakṣyāma) - we will abandon (we shall abandon, we shall leave)

• इमम् (imam) - this

• आश्रमम् (āśramam) - hermitage (hermitage, sanctuary)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - therefore (therefore, that, on that account)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indeclinable, meaning 'therefore' or 'in that regard'.

पुरा (purā) - previously (formerly, in the past, before)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

राम (rāma) - O Rama

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a celebrated hero, seventh incarnation of Vishnu)

Note: Vocative singular, addressing Rama.

शारीराम् (śārīrām) - bodily (bodily, physical)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śārīra

śārīra - relating to the body, bodily, physical

from śarīra (body)

Note: Accusative singular feminine, agreeing with upahiṃsām.

उपहिंसाम् (upahiṁsām) - harm (harm, injury, violence)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of upahiṃsā

upahiṁsā - harm, injury, molestation, violence

from upa + √hiṃs (to harm)

Prefix: upa

Root: hiṃs (class 10)

Note: Object of darśayati (indirectly, as it means 'to show harm', i.e., 'to inflict harm').

तपस्विषु (tapasviṣu) - upon the ascetics (among ascetics, to ascetics)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tapasvin

tapasvin - ascetic, one who practices austerity (tapas)

from tapas (austerity)

Note: Locative plural, indicating the recipient of the harm.

दर्शयति (darśayati) - they inflict (literally 'cause to see') (he shows, he causes to see, he inflicts)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √dṛś

causative present

from √dṛś (to see) in causative stem (-ay-), present indicative

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: The verb is singular, but refers to the plural subject 'duṣṭāḥ' (those wicked ones) due to epic usage or syntactical flexibility.

हि (hi) - since (for, indeed, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle used to indicate reason or emphasis.

दुष्टाः (duṣṭāḥ) - wicked (beings) (wicked, evil, corrupt)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of duṣṭa

duṣṭa - corrupted, bad, wicked, evil, faulty

Past Passive Participle

from root √duṣ (to be bad) in P.P.P. form

Root: duṣ (class 4)

Note: Nominative plural, subject of implied action or referring to 'te'.

ते (te) - those (wicked ones) (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Nominative plural, referring to the wicked beings, acting as the subject.

त्यक्ष्याम (tyakṣyāma) - we will abandon (we shall abandon, we shall leave)

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of √tyaj

future indicative

from √tyaj (to abandon), future indicative, 1st person plural

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: First person plural future, expressing resolution.

इमम् (imam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Note: Accusative singular masculine, agreeing with āśramam.

आश्रमम् (āśramam) - hermitage (hermitage, sanctuary)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āśrama

āśrama - hermitage, sanctuary, retreat; a stage of life

Prefix: ā

Root: śram (class 4)

Note: Object of 'tyakṣyāma'.