वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-108, verse-15

अप्रशस्तैरशुचिभिः संप्रयोज्य च तापसान् ।
प्रतिघ्नन्त्यपरान् क्षिप्रमनार्याः पुरतः स्थितः ॥१५॥

15. apraśastairaśucibhiḥ saṃprayojya ca tāpasān ,
pratighnantyaparān kṣipramanāryāḥ purataḥ sthitaḥ.

15. apraśastaiḥ aśucibhiḥ saṃprayojya ca tāpasān
pratighnanti aparān kṣipram anāryāḥ purataḥ sthitāḥ

15. ca purataḥ sthitāḥ anāryāḥ apraśastaiḥ aśucibhiḥ
tāpasān saṃprayojya aparān kṣipram pratighnanti

15. And these ignoble ones (anārya), standing in front, quickly obstruct others by employing the disgraceful and impure.

Words meanings summery:

• अप्रशस्तैः (apraśastaiḥ) - by the ignoble, by the disapproved, by the unpraised

• अशुचिभिः (aśucibhiḥ) - by the impure, by the unholy

• संप्रयोज्य (saṁprayojya) - having employed, having engaged, having used

• च (ca) - and, also

• तापसान् (tāpasān) - ascetics, hermits

• प्रतिघ्नन्ति (pratighnanti) - they strike down, they obstruct, they kill, they resist

• अपरान् (aparān) - others, other people

• क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

• अनार्याः (anāryāḥ) - the ignoble ones, the un-Aryan ones, the unworthy

• पुरतः (purataḥ) - in front, before, in the presence of

• स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - standing, situated, being

Words meanings and morphology

अप्रशस्तैः (apraśastaiḥ) - by the ignoble, by the disapproved, by the unpraised

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of apraśasta

apraśasta - ignoble, disapproved, unpraised, inauspicious, unworthy

Past Passive Participle (of praśas)

compound of a (negation) + praśasta (praised, approved, PPP of root śaṃs)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+praśasta)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negating prefix
• praśasta – praised, approved, auspicious, excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from pra (prefix) + root śaṃs (to praise, commend)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: śaṃs (class 1)

अशुचिभिः (aśucibhiḥ) - by the impure, by the unholy

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of aśuci

aśuci - impure, unholy, unclean, defiled

compound of a (negation) + śuci (pure, clean)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śuci)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negating prefix
• śuci – pure, clean, holy, bright
  adjective (masculine)

संप्रयोज्य (saṁprayojya) - having employed, having engaged, having used

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

from root yuj (to join, apply) with prefixes sam and pra, and suffix -ya

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: yuj (class 7)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तापसान् (tāpasān) - ascetics, hermits

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tāpasa

tāpasa - ascetic, hermit, one who practices penance (tapas)

derived from tapas (asceticism, penance)

Note: Object of 'saṃprayojya' (employed) or possibly 'pratighnanti' (obstruct).

प्रतिघ्नन्ति (pratighnanti) - they strike down, they obstruct, they kill, they resist

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of pratighna

present

from root han (to strike, kill) with prefix prati

Prefix: prati

Root: han (class 2)

अपरान् (aparān) - others, other people

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, another, posterior, inferior, foreign

Note: Object of 'pratighnanti'.

क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

(indeclinable)

अनार्याः (anāryāḥ) - the ignoble ones, the un-Aryan ones, the unworthy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anārya

anārya - ignoble, non-Aryan, unworthy, wicked, low-born

compound of a (negation) + ārya (noble, Aryan)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+ārya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negating prefix
• ārya – noble, honorable, Aryan, excellent
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'pratighnanti'.

पुरतः (purataḥ) - in front, before, in the presence of

(indeclinable)

from pura (front, former) + suffix -tas (indicating 'from/in the front')

Note: Adverbial, indicating location.

स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - standing, situated, being

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, located, firm, existing, abiding

Past Passive Participle

from root sthā (to stand, remain)

Root: sthā (class 1)