वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-72, verse-12

इत्युक्तः परमोदारो वसिष्ठेन महात्मना ।
प्रत्युवाच महातेजा वाक्यं परमधर्मवित् ॥१२॥

12. ityuktaḥ paramodāro vasiṣṭhena mahātmanā ,
pratyuvāca mahātejā vākyaṃ paramadharmavit.

12. iti uktaḥ paramodāraḥ vasiṣṭhena mahātmanā
pratyuvāca mahātejāḥ vākyam paramadharmavit

12. vasiṣṭhena mahātmanā iti uktaḥ paramodāraḥ mahātejāḥ paramadharmavit vākyam pratyuvāca.

12. Thus addressed by the great-souled (mahātmanā) Vasiṣṭha, the extremely noble and greatly glorious (mahātejāḥ) one, who knew the supreme natural law (dharma), replied with these words.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus (having been spoken to) (thus, so, in this manner)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - having been addressed (by Vasiṣṭha) (spoken, addressed, said)

• परमोदारः (paramodāraḥ) - Janaka, who is extremely noble (extremely noble, most generous)

• वसिष्ठेन (vasiṣṭhena) - by the sage Vasiṣṭha (by Vasiṣṭha)

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled (mahātmanā) Vasiṣṭha (by the great-souled one)

• प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - Janaka replied (replied, said in return)

• महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - Janaka, who is greatly glorious (greatly glorious, greatly resplendent)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - these words/speech (word, speech, sentence)

• परमधर्मवित् (paramadharmavit) - Janaka, who knows the supreme natural law (dharma) (knower of the supreme natural law (dharma))

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus (having been spoken to) (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - having been addressed (by Vasiṣṭha) (spoken, addressed, said)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

from root vac (to speak), irregular past participle

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with paramodāraḥ.

परमोदारः (paramodāraḥ) - Janaka, who is extremely noble (extremely noble, most generous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paramodāra

paramodāra - extremely noble, most generous, supremely magnanimous

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (parama+udāra)

• parama – supreme, highest, most excellent
  adjective
• udāra – noble, generous, magnanimous
  adjective

Note: Refers to Janaka.

वसिष्ठेन (vasiṣṭhena) - by the sage Vasiṣṭha (by Vasiṣṭha)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vasiṣṭha

vasiṣṭha - Vasiṣṭha (name of a revered sage)

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled (mahātmanā) Vasiṣṭha (by the great-souled one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble-minded, exalted (referring to the ātman)

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with vasiṣṭhena.

प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - Janaka replied (replied, said in return)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of prativac

Perfect Active

from root vac (to speak) with prefix prati, perfect tense form

Prefix: prati

Root: vac (class 2)

महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - Janaka, who is greatly glorious (greatly glorious, greatly resplendent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātejas

mahātejas - greatly glorious, greatly brilliant, having great energy/splendor

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (mahat+tejas)

• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective
• tejas – glory, splendor, energy, spiritual power
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tij (class 1)

Note: Refers to Janaka.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - these words/speech (word, speech, sentence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement

from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of pratyuvāca.

परमधर्मवित् (paramadharmavit) - Janaka, who knows the supreme natural law (dharma) (knower of the supreme natural law (dharma))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paramadharmavid

paramadharmavid - knower of the supreme natural law (dharma) or duty (dharma)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (parama+dharma+vid)

• parama – supreme, highest, most excellent
  adjective
• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold, support)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• vid – knowing, skilled in, understanding
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun suffix
  From root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Refers to Janaka. 'vid' at the end of a compound can be changed to 'vit' by final consonant rules.