वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-61, verse-4

न मे ऽस्ति माता न पिता ज्ञातयो बान्धवाः कुतः ।
त्रातुमर्हसि मां सौम्य धर्मेण मुनिपुंगव ॥४॥

4. na me'sti mātā na pitā jñātayo bāndhavāḥ kutaḥ ,
trātumarhasi māṃ saumya dharmeṇa munipuṃgava.

4. na me asti mātā na pitā jñātayaḥ bāndhavāḥ kutaḥ
trātum arhasi mām saumya dharmeṇa munipuṅgava

4. me mātā na asti,
na pitā; kutaḥ jñātayaḥ bāndhavāḥ? saumya munipuṅgava,
dharmeṇa mām trātum arhasi

4. I have no mother, no father. How then could I have other relatives or kinsmen? O gentle one, O foremost among sages, you ought to protect me in accordance with your intrinsic nature (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• मे (me) - I have (lit. 'to me is') (to me, for me, my)

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• माता (mātā) - mother

• न (na) - not, no

• पिता (pitā) - father

• ज्ञातयः (jñātayaḥ) - relatives, kinsmen

• बान्धवाः (bāndhavāḥ) - kinsmen, friends, relatives

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - How (can there be)? (implies absence) (whence, wherefrom, how)

• त्रातुम् (trātum) - to protect, to save

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you deserve

• माम् (mām) - me

• सौम्य (saumya) - O gentle one, O mild one

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - In accordance with your intrinsic nature as a sage. (by natural law (dharma), by righteousness, by duty)

• मुनिपुङ्गव (munipuṅgava) - O best of sages, O foremost of ascetics

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - I have (lit. 'to me is') (to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun.

Note: Often used with 'asti' to indicate possession ('I have').

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (Laṭ) of √as

Present Active

Third person singular present active indicative.

Root: √as (class 2)

माता (mātā) - mother

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

Note: Subject of 'asti'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

पिता (pitā) - father

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Subject of an implied 'asti'.

ज्ञातयः (jñātayaḥ) - relatives, kinsmen

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jñāti

jñāti - relative, kinsman, one of the same family

From root √jñā (to know).

Root: √jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject of an implied 'santi' (are).

बान्धवाः (bāndhavāḥ) - kinsmen, friends, relatives

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bāndhava

bāndhava - kinsman, relative, friend, connection

From 'bandhu' (relative) + 'aṇ' suffix.

Note: Subject of an implied 'santi'.

कुतः (kutaḥ) - How (can there be)? (implies absence) (whence, wherefrom, how)

(indeclinable)

Ablative of 'kim' (what/who).

त्रातुम् (trātum) - to protect, to save

(verb)

active, infinitive of √trā

infinitive

Infinitive form.

Root: √trā (class 2)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you deserve

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (Laṭ) of √arh

Present Active

Second person singular present active indicative.

Root: √arh (class 1)

Note: Subject is the vocative 'saumya munipuṅgava'.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun.

Note: Object of 'trātum'.

सौम्य (saumya) - O gentle one, O mild one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saumya

saumya - gentle, mild, benevolent, moon-like

From 'soma' (moon).

Note: Adjective modifying 'munipuṅgava' (implicitly).

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - In accordance with your intrinsic nature as a sage. (by natural law (dharma), by righteousness, by duty)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution

From root √dhṛ (to hold, support).

Root: √dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Indicates the means or manner of protection.

मुनिपुङ्गव (munipuṅgava) - O best of sages, O foremost of ascetics

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of munipuṅgava

munipuṅgava - best of sages, eminent sage

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (muni+puṅgava)

• muni – sage, ascetic
  noun (masculine)
• puṅgava – bull, chief, excellent, best
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to the sage.