वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-61, verse-3

विषण्णवदनो दीनस्तृष्णया च श्रमेण च ।
पपाताङ्के मुने राम वाक्यं चेदमुवाच ह ॥३॥

3. viṣaṇṇavadano dīnastṛṣṇayā ca śrameṇa ca ,
papātāṅke mune rāma vākyaṃ cedamuvāca ha.

3. viṣaṇṇavadanaḥ dīnaḥ tṛṣṇayā ca śrameṇa ca
papāta aṅke muneḥ rāma vākyam ca idam uvāca ha

3. viṣaṇṇavadanaḥ dīnaḥ tṛṣṇayā ca śrameṇa ca muneḥ aṅke papāta,
rāma,
ca idam vākyam ha uvāca

3. Dejected and miserable, his face showing his sorrow, and overcome by thirst and fatigue, he fell upon the lap of the sage, O Rāma, and indeed spoke these words.

Words meanings summery:

• विषण्णवदनः (viṣaṇṇavadanaḥ) - dejected-faced, having a sorrowful face

• दीनः (dīnaḥ) - distressed, miserable, wretched, afflicted

• तृष्णया (tṛṣṇayā) - by thirst, due to thirst

• च (ca) - and, also

• श्रमेण (śrameṇa) - by fatigue, due to exertion/toil

• च (ca) - and, also

• पपात (papāta) - fell, dropped

• अङ्के (aṅke) - on the lap, in the lap, on the side

• मुनेः (muneḥ) - of the sage, of the ascetic

• राम (rāma) - O sage Rāma (referring to Viśvāmitra, not the prince) (O Rāma)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, sentence

• च (ca) - and, also

• इदम् (idam) - this, these

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• ह (ha) - indeed, surely

Words meanings and morphology

विषण्णवदनः (viṣaṇṇavadanaḥ) - dejected-faced, having a sorrowful face

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viṣaṇṇavadana

viṣaṇṇavadana - one whose face is dejected, sorrowful-faced

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (viṣaṇṇa+vadana)

• viṣaṇṇa – dejected, disheartened, sorrowful
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √ṣad (to go, to sit, to become weary/dejected) with prefix vi-
  Prefix: vi
  Root: √ṣad (class 1)
• vadana – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)
  From root √vad (to speak)
  Root: √vad (class 1)

Note: The adjective describes an implied subject.

दीनः (dīnaḥ) - distressed, miserable, wretched, afflicted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīna

dīna - distressed, miserable, wretched, afflicted, weak

Past Passive Participle

From root √dai (to be exhausted, to pine) or √dī (to perish, to waste away)

Root: √dai / √dī (class 4)

Note: Describes the implied subject.

तृष्णया (tṛṣṇayā) - by thirst, due to thirst

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of tṛṣṇā

tṛṣṇā - thirst, desire, craving

From root √tṛṣ (to be thirsty)

Root: √tṛṣ (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

श्रमेण (śrameṇa) - by fatigue, due to exertion/toil

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śrama

śrama - fatigue, exertion, toil, weariness

From root √śram (to be weary, to exert oneself)

Root: √śram (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

पपात (papāta) - fell, dropped

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of √pat

Perfect Active

Reduplicated past tense.

Root: √pat (class 1)

Note: Refers to the implied subject.

अङ्के (aṅke) - on the lap, in the lap, on the side

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of aṅka

aṅka - lap, side, mark, sign

मुनेः (muneḥ) - of the sage, of the ascetic

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, seer

Note: Possessive, modifying 'aṅke'.

राम (rāma) - O sage Rāma (referring to Viśvāmitra, not the prince) (O Rāma)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of a king or sage), pleasant, charming

Note: Addressed to the sage.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, sentence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement

From root √vac (to speak)

Root: √vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'uvāca'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

इदम् (idam) - this, these

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these (neuter singular nominative/accusative of 'idam')

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Adjective modifying 'vākyam'.

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of √vac

Perfect Active

Reduplicated past tense.

Root: √vac (class 2)

Note: Refers to the implied subject.

ह (ha) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)