वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-19, verse-20

स त्वं प्रसादं धर्मज्ञ कुरुष्व मम पुत्रके ।
देवदानवगन्धर्वा यक्षाः पतग पन्नगाः ॥२०॥

20. sa tvaṃ prasādaṃ dharmajña kuruṣva mama putrake ,
devadānavagandharvā yakṣāḥ pataga pannagāḥ.

20. sa tvam prasādam dharmajña kuruṣva mama putrake
devadānavagandharvāḥ yakṣāḥ pataga pannagāḥ

20. sa tvam dharmajña mama putrake prasādam kuruṣva
devadānavagandharvāḥ yakṣāḥ pataga pannagāḥ

20. Therefore, you, who understand the natural law (dharma), please show favor to my son. Gods (devas), demons (dānavas), celestial musicians (gandharvas), yakṣas, birds, and serpents...

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - therefore (that, he, therefore)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• प्रसादम् (prasādam) - grace, favor (grace, favor, kindness, tranquility)

• धर्मज्ञ (dharmajña) - knower of natural law (knower of dharma, righteous)

• कुरुष्व (kuruṣva) - bestow (do, make, bestow)

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• पुत्रके (putrake) - for my son (on my son, for my son, regarding my son)

• देवदानवगन्धर्वाः (devadānavagandharvāḥ) - gods (devas), demons (dānavas), and celestial musicians (gandharvas) (gods, demons, and gandharvas (collectively))

• यक्षाः (yakṣāḥ) - yakṣas (a class of nature spirits)

• पतग (pataga) - birds

• पन्नगाः (pannagāḥ) - serpents, snakes

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - therefore (that, he, therefore)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

प्रसादम् (prasādam) - grace, favor (grace, favor, kindness, tranquility)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prasāda

prasāda - grace, favor, kindness, tranquility, clearness

From pra- √sad (to sit, settle, become clear)

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

धर्मज्ञ (dharmajña) - knower of natural law (knower of dharma, righteous)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dharmajña

dharmajña - knower of dharma, righteous, virtuous

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion
  noun (masculine)
  From √dhṛ (to hold, support)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• jña – knowing, knower
  adjective
  From √jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Used as an address, referring to Viśvāmitra.

कुरुष्व (kuruṣva) - bestow (do, make, bestow)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I

पुत्रके (putrake) - for my son (on my son, for my son, regarding my son)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of putraka

putraka - little son, beloved son

Diminutive of putra

Note: Locative often indicates 'in the matter of' or 'for the sake of' when combined with 'prasādam kṛ'.

देवदानवगन्धर्वाः (devadānavagandharvāḥ) - gods (devas), demons (dānavas), and celestial musicians (gandharvas) (gods, demons, and gandharvas (collectively))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of devadānavagandharva

devadānavagandharva - gods, demons, and gandharvas (collectively)

Compound type : dvandva (deva+dānava+gandharva)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• dānava – demon, son of Danu
  noun (masculine)
• gandharva – celestial musician
  noun (masculine)

यक्षाः (yakṣāḥ) - yakṣas (a class of nature spirits)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yakṣa

yakṣa - a class of supernatural beings, often guardians of treasures

पतग (pataga) - birds

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pataga

pataga - bird (literally 'that which goes by flying')

From √pat (to fly, fall) + -ga (goer)

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Appears in singular form but functions as plural subject in context.

पन्नगाः (pannagāḥ) - serpents, snakes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pannaga

pannaga - serpent, snake (literally 'that which goes on its belly')

From panna (fallen, gone) + -ga (goer)