वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-19, verse-14

सर्वं मे शंस भगवन् कथं तेषां मया रणे ।
स्थातव्यं दुष्टभावानां वीर्योत्सिक्ता हि राक्षसाः ॥१४॥

14. sarvaṃ me śaṃsa bhagavan kathaṃ teṣāṃ mayā raṇe ,
sthātavyaṃ duṣṭabhāvānāṃ vīryotsiktā hi rākṣasāḥ.

14. sarvam me śaṃsa bhagavan katham teṣām mayā raṇe
sthātavyam duṣṭabhāvānām vīryotsiktāḥ hi rākṣasāḥ

14. bhagavan me sarvam śaṃsa katham mayā raṇe teṣām
duṣṭabhāvānām sthātavyam hi rākṣasāḥ vīryotsiktāḥ

14. O revered one, tell me everything: how should I stand against those ill-natured Rākṣasas in battle? For the Rākṣasas are indeed overflowing with valor.

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything (tell me everything) (all, every, whole, everything)

• मे (me) - to me (to me, for me, my)

• शंस (śaṁsa) - tell (me) (tell, declare, recite)

• भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered one (vocative, addressing Viśvāmitra) (O revered one, O divine one, O worshipful one)

• कथम् (katham) - how (should I stand) (how, in what manner, why)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - against those (Rākṣasas) (of them, for them, those)

• मया (mayā) - by me (agent in passive construction) (by me)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in conflict, in war)

• स्थातव्यम् (sthātavyam) - should be stood (by me) / how should I behave (to be stood, to be placed, to be remained)

• दुष्टभावानाम् (duṣṭabhāvānām) - of those ill-natured ones (Rākṣasas) (of those with evil nature/disposition)

• वीर्योत्सिक्ताः (vīryotsiktāḥ) - overflowing with valor (overflowing with valor, swollen with might)

• हि (hi) - for, indeed (indeed, for, because)

• राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - Rākṣasas (demon, fiend, Rākṣasa)

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything (tell me everything) (all, every, whole, everything)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Object of 'śaṃsa'.

मे (me) - to me (to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Dative, 'tell to me'.

शंस (śaṁsa) - tell (me) (tell, declare, recite)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śaṃs

root śaṃs, 1st conjugation (bhvādi)

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

Note: Command to Viśvāmitra.

भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered one (vocative, addressing Viśvāmitra) (O revered one, O divine one, O worshipful one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - possessing fortune, glorious, revered, divine

From 'bhaga' (fortune) + 'vat' (possessive suffix)

Note: Addressing Viśvāmitra.

कथम् (katham) - how (should I stand) (how, in what manner, why)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a question about manner.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - against those (Rākṣasas) (of them, for them, those)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Genitive indicating 'against' or 'in relation to' with 'sthātavyam'.

मया (mayā) - by me (agent in passive construction) (by me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Agent for 'sthātavyam'.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in conflict, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, conflict, war

Note: Indicates location.

स्थातव्यम् (sthātavyam) - should be stood (by me) / how should I behave (to be stood, to be placed, to be remained)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sthātavya

sthātavya - to be stood, to be placed, to be remained

Gerundive

Derived from root √sthā (to stand) + tavya (suffix for gerundive)

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Gerundive, expressing obligation.

दुष्टभावानाम् (duṣṭabhāvānām) - of those ill-natured ones (Rākṣasas) (of those with evil nature/disposition)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of duṣṭabhāva

duṣṭabhāva - evil-natured, ill-disposed

Compound: duṣṭa (wicked) + bhāva (nature, disposition)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duṣṭa+bhāva)

• duṣṭa – corrupted, wicked, bad, evil
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √duṣ (to be corrupted) + kta (suffix for PPP)
  Root: duṣ (class 4)
• bhāva – being, state, nature, disposition, intention
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √bhū (to be, exist)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'rākṣasāḥ'.

वीर्योत्सिक्ताः (vīryotsiktāḥ) - overflowing with valor (overflowing with valor, swollen with might)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vīryotsikta

vīryotsikta - overflowing with valor, puffed up with might

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vīrya+utsikta)

• vīrya – strength, valor, prowess, energy
  noun (neuter)
• utsikta – overflowing, inflated, haughty, arrogant, proud
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from ud-√sic (to pour out, overflow) + kta (suffix for PPP)
  Prefix: ud
  Root: sic (class 6)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'rākṣasāḥ'.

हि (hi) - for, indeed (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - Rākṣasas (demon, fiend, Rākṣasa)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - a Rākṣasa (demon), belonging to Rākṣasas

Note: Subject of the clause 'vīryotsiktāḥ hi rākṣasāḥ'.