महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-51, verse-8

ततः सा तपसोग्रेण पीडयित्वात्मनस्तनुम् ।
पितृदेवार्चनरता बभूव विजने वने ॥८॥

8. tataḥ sā tapasogreṇa pīḍayitvātmanastanum ,
pitṛdevārcanaratā babhūva vijane vane.

8. tataḥ sā tapasā ugreṇa pīḍayitvā ātmanaḥ
tanum pitṛdevārcanaratā babhūva vijane vane

8. sā tataḥ ugreṇa tapasā ātmanaḥ tanum pīḍayitvā
vijane vane pitṛdevārcanaratā babhūva

8. Then she, having afflicted her own body with severe asceticism (tapas), became dedicated to the worship of ancestors and gods in a solitary forest.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

• सा (sā) - she

• तपसा (tapasā) - by asceticism, by penance

• उग्रेण (ugreṇa) - by severe, by fierce

• पीडयित्वा (pīḍayitvā) - having afflicted, having tortured, having distressed

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of one's self, one's own

• तनुम् (tanum) - body

• पितृदेवार्चनरता (pitṛdevārcanaratā) - devoted to the worship of ancestors and gods

• बभूव (babhūva) - became, happened

• विजने (vijane) - in a solitary, in a lonely

• वने (vane) - in the forest

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

(indeclinable)

From tad + tasil suffix

सा (sā) - she

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

तपसा (tapasā) - by asceticism, by penance

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - asceticism, penance, religious austerity, heat

Root: tap (class 1)

उग्रेण (ugreṇa) - by severe, by fierce

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of ugra

ugra - severe, fierce, terrible, mighty

Note: Adjective agreeing with 'tapasā'.

पीडयित्वा (pīḍayitvā) - having afflicted, having tortured, having distressed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root Pīḍ by adding causative '-aya' and then '-tvā' suffix.

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Gerund/absolutive indicating a completed action prior to the main verb.

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of one's self, one's own

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, individual self

Note: Used reflexively as 'her own'.

तनुम् (tanum) - body

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tanu

tanu - body, form, person

Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Object of 'pīḍayitvā'.

पितृदेवार्चनरता (pitṛdevārcanaratā) - devoted to the worship of ancestors and gods

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pitṛdevārcanaratā

pitṛdevārcanaratā - devoted to the worship of ancestors and gods

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (pitṛ+deva+arcana+rata)

• pitṛ – father, ancestor
  noun (masculine)
• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 4)
• arcana – worship, adoration, honoring
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root arc + Lyuṭ suffix
  Root: arc (class 1)
• rata – engaged, devoted, attached
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root ram + kta suffix
  Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Compound adjective describing 'sā'.

बभूव (babhūva) - became, happened

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of bhū

Past Perfect (Lit)

3rd person singular

Root: bhū (class 1)

विजने (vijane) - in a solitary, in a lonely

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of vijana

vijana - solitary, lonely, deserted, devoid of people

Note: Adjective agreeing with 'vane'.

वने (vane) - in the forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Root: van (class 1)