महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-51, verse-22

ऋषिरप्यभवद्दीनस्तस्या रूपं विचिन्तयन् ।
समयेन तपोऽर्धं च कृच्छ्रात्प्रतिगृहीतवान् ॥२२॥

22. ṛṣirapyabhavaddīnastasyā rūpaṁ vicintayan ,
samayena tapo'rdhaṁ ca kṛcchrātpratigṛhītavān.

22. ṛṣiḥ api abhavat dīnaḥ tasyāḥ rūpam vicintayan
samayena tapaḥ ardham ca kṛcchrāt pratigṛhītavān

22. tasyāḥ rūpam vicintayan ṛṣiḥ api dīnaḥ abhavat
samayena ca kṛcchrāt tapaḥ ardham pratigṛhītavān

22. The sage (ṛṣi) too became dejected, constantly contemplating her form. Gradually, with great difficulty, he reclaimed half of his austerity (tapas).

Words meanings summery:

• ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - the sage (ṛṣi) (sage, seer)

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became, happened, was

• दीनः (dīnaḥ) - dejected, miserable, distressed, poor

• तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of her

• रूपम् (rūpam) - form, beauty, appearance

• विचिन्तयन् (vicintayan) - contemplating, thinking about, pondering

• समयेन (samayena) - in time, gradually, by means of time

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance)

• अर्धम् (ardham) - half, portion

• च (ca) - and

• कृच्छ्रात् (kṛcchrāt) - with difficulty, with effort, from difficulty

• प्रतिगृहीतवान् (pratigṛhītavān) - he reclaimed, he received back

Words meanings and morphology

ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - the sage (ṛṣi) (sage, seer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet, a Vedic singer

Root: ṛṣ

Note: Subject of `abhavat`.

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

अभवत् (abhavat) - became, happened, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

दीनः (dīnaḥ) - dejected, miserable, distressed, poor

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīna

dīna - dejected, miserable, distressed, poor, sad, humble

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root `dī` (to pine, to fade) or `dā` (to give, here likely related to `dī`).

Root: dī

Note: Agrees with `ṛṣiḥ`.

तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of her

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Note: Possessive pronoun.

रूपम् (rūpam) - form, beauty, appearance

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, beauty, appearance, nature, image

Root: rūp

Note: Object of `vicintayan`.

विचिन्तयन् (vicintayan) - contemplating, thinking about, pondering

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vicintayat

vicintayat - contemplating, thinking about, pondering

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root `cint` (to think) with prefix `vi-` (apart, intensifies the action).

Prefix: vi

Root: cint (class 10)

Note: Agrees with `ṛṣiḥ`, indicating simultaneous action.

समयेन (samayena) - in time, gradually, by means of time

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of samaya

samaya - time, occasion, proper time, agreement, convention

Root: i

Note: Denotes means or duration/progression in time.

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, austerity, penance, religious mortification, devotion

From root `tap` (to heat, burn).

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Object of `pratigṛhītavān`.

अर्धम् (ardham) - half, portion

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ardha

ardha - half, portion, part, side

Note: In apposition to or specifying `tapaḥ`.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

कृच्छ्रात् (kṛcchrāt) - with difficulty, with effort, from difficulty

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kṛcchra

kṛcchra - difficulty, hardship, pain, distress, penance

Note: Functions adverbially to mean 'with difficulty'.

प्रतिगृहीतवान् (pratigṛhītavān) - he reclaimed, he received back

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratigṛhīta

pratigṛhīta - received back, reclaimed, taken back

Past Active Participle (Kṛt)

Formed from the root `grah` (to seize, take) with prefixes `prati-` (back, against) and `ā-` (towards), and the `ktavat` suffix.

Prefixes: prati+ā

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Functions as the main verb, agreeing with `ṛṣiḥ`.