महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-51, verse-20

सानुज्ञाताब्रवीद्भूयो योऽस्मिंस्तीर्थे समाहितः ।
वत्स्यते रजनीमेकां तर्पयित्वा दिवौकसः ॥२०॥

20. sānujñātābravīdbhūyo yo'smiṁstīrthe samāhitaḥ ,
vatsyate rajanīmekāṁ tarpayitvā divaukasaḥ.

20. sānujñātā abravīt bhūyaḥ yaḥ asmin tīrthe samāhitaḥ
vatsyate rajanīm ekām tarpayitvā divaukasaḥ

20. sānujñātā bhūyaḥ abravīt yaḥ asmin tīrthe samāhitaḥ
ekām rajanīm divaukasaḥ tarpayitvā vatsyate

20. Having been granted permission, she spoke again: "Whoever remains devoted in this sacred bathing place (tīrtha) for one night, after satisfying the gods (divaukasaḥ)..."

Words meanings summery:

• सानुज्ञाता (sānujñātā) - she who has been permitted, she who has obtained permission

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - she said, spoke

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, moreover

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

• तीर्थे (tīrthe) - in this sacred bathing place (tīrtha) (in the sacred bathing place, in the ford)

• समाहितः (samāhitaḥ) - concentrated, composed, devoted, absorbed

• वत्स्यते (vatsyate) - will dwell, will stay, will reside

• रजनीम् (rajanīm) - night

• एकाम् (ekām) - one, a single

• तर्पयित्वा (tarpayitvā) - having satisfied, having gratified

• दिवौकसः (divaukasaḥ) - the gods (divaukasaḥ) (the gods, dwellers of heaven)

Words meanings and morphology

सानुज्ञाता (sānujñātā) - she who has been permitted, she who has obtained permission

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sānujñāta

sānujñāta - permitted, assented, allowed, well-permitted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root `jñā` (to know, perceive) with prefixes `anu-` (after, conformably) and `sa-` (with, well, properly), and feminine ending `ā`.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sa+anujñāta)

• sa – with, together with, well, properly
  indeclinable
• anujñāta – permitted, assented, allowed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root `jñā` (to know, perceive) with prefix `anu-`.
  Prefix: anu
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Refers to the female speaker.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - she said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, moreover

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Relative pronoun.

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Demonstrative pronoun, agrees with `tīrthe`.

तीर्थे (tīrthe) - in this sacred bathing place (tīrtha) (in the sacred bathing place, in the ford)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tīrtha

tīrtha - sacred bathing place, ford, holy place, place of pilgrimage, sacred object

समाहितः (samāhitaḥ) - concentrated, composed, devoted, absorbed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samāhita

samāhita - concentrated, composed, devoted, absorbed, placed together, collected

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root `dhā` (to place, hold) with prefixes `sam-` (together, completely) and `ā-` (towards, upon).

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with `yaḥ`.

वत्स्यते (vatsyate) - will dwell, will stay, will reside

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, future (lṛṭ) of vas

Root: vas (class 1)

रजनीम् (rajanīm) - night

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rajanī

rajanī - night, the dark half of a lunar month

Root: raj

Note: Denotes duration of time.

एकाम् (ekām) - one, a single

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of eka

eka - one, a single, unique, principal

Note: Agrees with `rajanīm`.

तर्पयित्वा (tarpayitvā) - having satisfied, having gratified

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from the causative stem of the root `tṛp`.

Root: tṛp (class 4)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

दिवौकसः (divaukasaḥ) - the gods (divaukasaḥ) (the gods, dwellers of heaven)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of divaukas

divaukas - dweller of heaven, god

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (div+okas)

• div – heaven, sky, day
  noun (feminine)
• okas – dwelling, house, abode
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of `tarpayitvā`.