महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-58, verse-26

तेषामापततां केतून्रथांश्चापानि सायकान् ।
नाराचैरर्धचन्द्रैश्च क्षिप्रं पार्थो न्यपातयत् ॥२६॥

26. teṣāmāpatatāṁ ketūnrathāṁścāpāni sāyakān ,
nārācairardhacandraiśca kṣipraṁ pārtho nyapātayat.

26. teṣām āpatatām ketūn rathān ca cāpāni sāyakān
nārācaiḥ ardha-candraiḥ ca kṣipram pārthaḥ nyapātayat

26. pārthaḥ teṣām āpatatām ketūn rathān ca cāpāni sāyakān
ca nārācaiḥ ardha-candraiḥ ca kṣipram nyapātayat

26. Arjuna (Pārtha) swiftly struck down the banners, chariots, bows, and arrows of those who were attacking, using both iron-tipped and crescent-shaped arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, their

• आपतताम् (āpatatām) - of those who were attacking, rushing, approaching

• केतून् (ketūn) - banners, standards

• रथान् (rathān) - chariots

• च (ca) - and, also

• चापानि (cāpāni) - bows

• सायकान् (sāyakān) - arrows

• नाराचैः (nārācaiḥ) - with iron arrows

• अर्ध-चन्द्रैः (ardha-candraiḥ) - with crescent-shaped arrows

• च (ca) - and, also

• क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pṛthā)

• न्यपातयत् (nyapātayat) - he struck down, he brought down, he caused to fall

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, their

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: masculine/neuter genitive plural of 'tad'

आपतताम् (āpatatām) - of those who were attacking, rushing, approaching

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of āpatat

āpatat - attacking, approaching, falling upon

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'pat' with upasarga 'ā', signifying 'falling/rushing upon' or 'attacking'.

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

केतून् (ketūn) - banners, standards

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ketu

ketu - banner, standard, sign, chief

रथान् (rathān) - chariots

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

चापानि (cāpāni) - bows

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of cāpa

cāpa - bow, arc

सायकान् (sāyakān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sāyaka

sāyaka - arrow, dart

नाराचैः (nārācaiḥ) - with iron arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nārāca

nārāca - iron arrow, metal dart

अर्ध-चन्द्रैः (ardha-candraiḥ) - with crescent-shaped arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ardha-candra

ardha-candra - half-moon, crescent

Compound type : tatpurusha (ardha+candra)

• ardha – half, part, side
  noun (masculine)
• candra – moon
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial use of neuter accusative singular

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pṛthā)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), Arjuna, Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīmasena

न्यपातयत् (nyapātayat) - he struck down, he brought down, he caused to fall

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of nyapātayat

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)