महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-58, verse-18

महावने मृगगणा दावाग्निग्रसिता यथा ।
कुरवः पर्यवर्तन्त निर्दग्धाः सव्यसाचिना ॥१८॥

18. mahāvane mṛgagaṇā dāvāgnigrasitā yathā ,
kuravaḥ paryavartanta nirdagdhāḥ savyasācinā.

18. mahāvane mṛgagaṇāḥ dāvāgnigrasitāḥ yathā
kuravaḥ paryavartanta nirdagdhāḥ savyasācinā

18. yathā mahāvane mṛgagaṇāḥ dāvāgnigrasitāḥ
kuravaḥ savyasācinā nirdagdhāḥ paryavartanta

18. Just as herds of deer in a great forest are consumed by a forest fire, so the Kurus were routed, utterly destroyed by Savyasācin (Arjuna).

Words meanings summery:

• महावने (mahāvane) - in the great forest

• मृगगणाः (mṛgagaṇāḥ) - herds of deer

• दावाग्निग्रसिताः (dāvāgnigrasitāḥ) - seized by a forest fire, devoured by a forest fire

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which way

• कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - the Kurus

• पर्यवर्तन्त (paryavartanta) - they turned around, they fled, they were routed

• निर्दग्धाः (nirdagdhāḥ) - consumed, burnt down, destroyed

• सव्यसाचिना (savyasācinā) - by Arjuna, who could shoot with both hands (by Savyasācin, by the ambidextrous one)

Words meanings and morphology

महावने (mahāvane) - in the great forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of mahāvana

mahāvana - great forest

Tatpuruṣa compound: 'mahā' (great) + 'vana' (forest)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahā+vana)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)

मृगगणाः (mṛgagaṇāḥ) - herds of deer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mṛgagaṇa

mṛgagaṇa - herd of deer, multitude of animals

Tatpuruṣa compound: 'mṛga' (deer) + 'gaṇa' (multitude, group)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mṛga+gaṇa)

• mṛga – deer, wild animal
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – multitude, group, herd, flock
  noun (masculine)

दावाग्निग्रसिताः (dāvāgnigrasitāḥ) - seized by a forest fire, devoured by a forest fire

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dāvāgnigrasita

dāvāgnigrasita - consumed by a forest fire, seized by a conflagration

Past Passive Participle

Tatpuruṣa compound: 'dāvāgni' (forest fire) + 'grasita' (seized, devoured)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dāvāgni+grasita)

• dāvāgni – forest fire, conflagration
  noun (masculine)
  Tatpuruṣa compound: 'dāva' (forest) + 'agni' (fire)
• grasita – seized, devoured, swallowed
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'gras' (to swallow, seize)
  Root: gras (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which way

(indeclinable)

कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - the Kurus

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - Kuru (name of an ancient king and his descendants, the Kuru dynasty)

पर्यवर्तन्त (paryavartanta) - they turned around, they fled, they were routed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of vṛt

Prefixes: pari+ava

Root: vṛt (class 1)

निर्दग्धाः (nirdagdhāḥ) - consumed, burnt down, destroyed

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirdagdha

nirdagdha - burnt up, consumed, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'dah' (to burn) with prefix 'nir'

Prefix: nir

Root: dah (class 1)

सव्यसाचिना (savyasācinā) - by Arjuna, who could shoot with both hands (by Savyasācin, by the ambidextrous one)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of savyasācin

savyasācin - ambidextrous, one who can shoot with the left hand (an epithet of Arjuna)

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'savya' (left) + 'sācin' (shooter, handler)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (savya+sācin)

• savya – left, left hand
  adjective
• sācin – who accompanies, who handles, shooter
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root 'sac' or 'sañj'
  Root: sac (class 1)