महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-54, verse-8

सर्वे ते व्यथिताः सैन्यास्त्वदीया भरतर्षभ ।
श्रुत्वा महाबलस्योग्रां प्रतिज्ञां सव्यसाचिनः ॥८॥

8. sarve te vyathitāḥ sainyāstvadīyā bharatarṣabha ,
śrutvā mahābalasyogrāṁ pratijñāṁ savyasācinaḥ.

8. sarve te vyathitāḥ sainyāḥ tvadīyāḥ bharatarṣabha
śrutvā mahābalasya ugrām pratijñām savyasācinaḥ

8. bharatarṣabha te tvadīyāḥ sarve sainyāḥ mahābalasya
savyasācinaḥ ugrām pratijñām śrutvā vyathitāḥ

8. O best of Bharatas, all those soldiers of yours became distressed, having heard the fierce vow (pratijñā) of the mighty Savyasācin (Arjuna).

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, entire)

• ते (te) - those (those, they)

• व्यथिताः (vyathitāḥ) - distressed (distressed, troubled, afflicted)

• सैन्याः (sainyāḥ) - soldiers (soldiers, army)

• त्वदीयाः (tvadīyāḥ) - of yours (your soldiers) (yours, belonging to you)

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of Bharatas (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O best of Bharatas)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard (having heard, having listened)

• महाबलस्य (mahābalasya) - of the mighty (of the greatly powerful, of great strength)

• उग्राम् (ugrām) - fierce (fierce, terrible, mighty)

• प्रतिज्ञाम् (pratijñām) - vow (pratijñā) (vow, promise, pledge)

• सव्यसाचिनः (savyasācinaḥ) - of Savyasācin (Arjuna) (of Savyasācin (Arjuna), of one who can shoot with both hands)

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, entire)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

nominative plural masculine

Note: Agrees with 'sainyāḥ'.

ते (te) - those (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, they

nominative plural masculine

Note: Agrees with 'sainyāḥ'.

व्यथिताः (vyathitāḥ) - distressed (distressed, troubled, afflicted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vyathita

vyathita - distressed, agitated, pained, troubled

Past Passive Participle

from root vyath 'to tremble, be distressed'

Root: vyath (class 1)

Note: Though passive in form, often used with an active sense for intransitive roots.

सैन्याः (sainyāḥ) - soldiers (soldiers, army)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sainya

sainya - soldier, military, army

nominative plural masculine

Note: Subject of the sentence.

त्वदीयाः (tvadīyāḥ) - of yours (your soldiers) (yours, belonging to you)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tvadīya

tvadīya - yours, belonging to you

nominative plural masculine

Note: Qualifies 'sainyāḥ'.

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of Bharatas (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O best of Bharatas)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull among Bharatas, best of Bharatas (an epithet)

vocative singular masculine

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, name of an ancient king/tribe
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard (having heard, having listened)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

absolutive form with -tvā suffix

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Adverbial participle.

महाबलस्य (mahābalasya) - of the mighty (of the greatly powerful, of great strength)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - greatly powerful, mighty, of great strength

genitive singular masculine

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

उग्राम् (ugrām) - fierce (fierce, terrible, mighty)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ugra

ugra - fierce, terrible, mighty, powerful, dreadful

accusative singular feminine

प्रतिज्ञाम् (pratijñām) - vow (pratijñā) (vow, promise, pledge)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pratijñā

pratijñā - promise, vow, pledge, declaration, assertion

accusative singular feminine

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

सव्यसाचिनः (savyasācinaḥ) - of Savyasācin (Arjuna) (of Savyasācin (Arjuna), of one who can shoot with both hands)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of savyasācin

savyasācin - skilled in shooting with the left hand, ambidextrous archer (an epithet of Arjuna)

genitive singular masculine

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (savya+sācin)

• savya – left, left-hand
  adjective
• sācin – shooting, throwing (related to 'sac' or 'sṛj' roots)
  adjective
  Agent noun
  from root 'sāc' (to throw, shoot) or 'sac' (to join, follow)
  Root: sac (class 1)

Note: Refers to Arjuna.