महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-32, verse-5

ततः प्रभातसमये द्रोणं दुर्योधनोऽब्रवीत् ।
प्रणयादभिमानाच्च द्विषद्वृद्ध्या च दुर्मनाः ।
शृण्वतां सर्वभूतानां संरब्धो वाक्यकोविदः ॥५॥

5. tataḥ prabhātasamaye droṇaṁ duryodhano'bravīt ,
praṇayādabhimānācca dviṣadvṛddhyā ca durmanāḥ ,
śṛṇvatāṁ sarvabhūtānāṁ saṁrabdho vākyakovidaḥ.

5. tataḥ prabhātasamaye droṇam duryodhanaḥ
abravīt praṇayāt abhimānāt ca
dviṣadvṛddhyā ca durmanāḥ śṛṇvatām
sarvabhūtānām saṃrabdhaḥ vākyakovidaḥ

5. tataḥ prabhātasamaye durmanāḥ saṃrabdhaḥ
vākyakovidaḥ duryodhanaḥ praṇayāt
abhimānāt ca dviṣadvṛddhyā ca
śṛṇvatām sarvabhūtānām droṇam abravīt

5. Then, at dawn, Duryodhana, troubled in mind by (his) affection, pride, and the growing strength of his enemies, spoke to Drona, enraged and skilled in speech, while all beings listened.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

• प्रभातसमये (prabhātasamaye) - at dawn (at dawn, at morning time)

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - to Drona

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (spoke, said)

• प्रणयात् (praṇayāt) - due to affection (from affection, out of affection, from love)

• अभिमानात् (abhimānāt) - due to pride (from pride, out of pride, from self-conceit)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• द्विषद्वृद्ध्या (dviṣadvṛddhyā) - by the growing strength of enemies (by the increase of enemies, due to the growing enemies)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• दुर्मनाः (durmanāḥ) - troubled in mind (ill-minded, distressed, troubled in mind)

• शृण्वताम् (śṛṇvatām) - while all beings listened (of those listening, while listening)

• सर्वभूतानाम् (sarvabhūtānām) - of all beings (of all beings, of all creatures)

• संरब्धः (saṁrabdhaḥ) - enraged (enraged, provoked, agitated)

• वाक्यकोविदः (vākyakovidaḥ) - skilled in speech (skilled in speech, eloquent)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

From tad (that) + tasil (suffix indicating 'from').

प्रभातसमये (prabhātasamaye) - at dawn (at dawn, at morning time)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of prabhātasamaya

prabhātasamaya - morning time, dawn

Compound type : tatpurusha (prabhāta+samaya)

• prabhāta – dawn, morning, broken forth
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From pra-√bhā (to shine forth)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhā (class 2)
• samaya – time, season, occasion
  noun (masculine)
  From sam-√i (to go together)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: i (class 2)

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - to Drona

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (name of the guru of Kauravas and Pandavas)

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava prince)

From dur (bad, difficult) + yodhana (fighting, warrior).

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (spoke, said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect active 3rd singular

A-augment + √brū (to speak) + it (ending).

Root: brū (class 2)

प्रणयात् (praṇayāt) - due to affection (from affection, out of affection, from love)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of praṇaya

praṇaya - affection, love, attachment, respect

From pra-√nī (to lead forward, show affection).

Prefix: pra

Root: nī (class 1)

अभिमानात् (abhimānāt) - due to pride (from pride, out of pride, from self-conceit)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of abhimāna

abhimāna - pride, self-respect, high opinion of oneself, self-conceit

From abhi-√man (to think highly of).

Prefix: abhi

Root: man (class 4)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

द्विषद्वृद्ध्या (dviṣadvṛddhyā) - by the growing strength of enemies (by the increase of enemies, due to the growing enemies)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of dviṣadvṛddhi

dviṣadvṛddhi - increase of enemies, growing strength of foes

Compound type : tatpurusha (dviṣat+vṛddhi)

• dviṣat – enemy, hostile
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  From √dviṣ (to hate)
  Root: dviṣ (class 2)
• vṛddhi – growth, increase, prosperity
  noun (feminine)
  From √vṛdh (to grow).
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

दुर्मनाः (durmanāḥ) - troubled in mind (ill-minded, distressed, troubled in mind)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durmanas

durmanas - ill-minded, sad, dejected, troubled in mind

From dur (bad) + manas (mind).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dur+manas)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
  Prefix.
• manas – mind, intellect, heart
  noun (neuter)
  From √man (to think).
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Agrees with Duryodhanaḥ.

शृण्वताम् (śṛṇvatām) - while all beings listened (of those listening, while listening)

(adjective)

Genitive, plural of śṛṇvat

śṛṇvat - listening, hearing (present participle)

Present Active Participle

From √śru (to hear) + śatṛ (present participle suffix).

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Agrees with sarvabhūtānām.

सर्वभूतानाम् (sarvabhūtānām) - of all beings (of all beings, of all creatures)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of sarvabhūta

sarvabhūta - all beings, all creatures

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+bhūta)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun
• bhūta – being, creature, element, past, become
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √bhū (to be, become).
  Root: bhū (class 1)

संरब्धः (saṁrabdhaḥ) - enraged (enraged, provoked, agitated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃrabdha

saṁrabdha - enraged, excited, violent, agitated

Past Passive Participle

From sam-√rabh (to seize, be eager, be enraged).

Prefix: sam

Root: rabh (class 1)

वाक्यकोविदः (vākyakovidaḥ) - skilled in speech (skilled in speech, eloquent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vākyakovida

vākyakovida - skilled in speech, eloquent

Compound type : tatpurusha (vākya+kovida)

• vākya – speech, word, sentence
  noun (neuter)
  From √vac (to speak).
  Root: vac (class 2)
• kovida – skilled, expert, wise
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with Duryodhanaḥ.