महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-32, verse-22

दारुणः क्षत्रधर्मोऽयं विहितो धर्मकर्तृभिः ।
यत्र राज्येप्सवः शूरा बाले शस्त्रमपातयन् ॥२२॥

22. dāruṇaḥ kṣatradharmo'yaṁ vihito dharmakartṛbhiḥ ,
yatra rājyepsavaḥ śūrā bāle śastramapātayan.

22. dāruṇaḥ kṣatradharmaḥ ayam vihitaḥ dharmakartṛbhiḥ
| yatra rājyepsavaḥ śūrāḥ bāle śastram apātayan

22. dharmakartṛbhiḥ vihitaḥ ayam dāruṇaḥ kṣatradharmaḥ
yatra rājyepsavaḥ śūrāḥ bāle śastram apātayan

22. "This cruel (dharma) of the warrior class (kṣatradharma) has been ordained by those who establish (dharma), where brave heroes, desiring a kingdom, struck weapons upon a mere child."

Words meanings summery:

• दारुणः (dāruṇaḥ) - cruel (cruel, terrible, harsh, severe)

• क्षत्रधर्मः (kṣatradharmaḥ) - the (dharma) of the warrior class (the natural law (dharma) of a warrior, warrior's duty)

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• विहितः (vihitaḥ) - has been ordained (ordained, prescribed, established)

• धर्मकर्तृभिः (dharmakartṛbhiḥ) - by those who establish (dharma) (by the upholders of natural law (dharma), by the creators of righteousness)

• यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which, in which case)

• राज्येप्सवः (rājyepsavaḥ) - desirous of a kingdom (desirous of kingdom, ambitious for sovereignty)

• शूराः (śūrāḥ) - brave heroes (brave ones, heroes)

• बाले (bāle) - upon a mere child (Abhimanyu) (on a child, on a boy)

• शस्त्रम् (śastram) - weapons (plural sense implied) (weapon, missile)

• अपातयन् (apātayan) - they struck down (they threw, they cast, they struck down)

Words meanings and morphology

दारुणः (dāruṇaḥ) - cruel (cruel, terrible, harsh, severe)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dāruṇa

dāruṇa - harsh, severe, cruel, dreadful

Note: Qualifies 'kṣatradharmaḥ'.

क्षत्रधर्मः (kṣatradharmaḥ) - the (dharma) of the warrior class (the natural law (dharma) of a warrior, warrior's duty)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣatradharma

kṣatradharma - the natural law (dharma) of a kshatriya, the duty of a warrior (dharma)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣatra+dharma)

• kṣatra – warrior, ruling class, domain, power
  noun (neuter)
• dharma – natural law (dharma), righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence fragment.

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Qualifies 'kṣatradharmaḥ'.

विहितः (vihitaḥ) - has been ordained (ordained, prescribed, established)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vihita

vihita - ordained, prescribed, arranged, performed

Past Passive Participle

From root dhā (to place, put, do) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'kṣatradharmaḥ'.

धर्मकर्तृभिः (dharmakartṛbhiḥ) - by those who establish (dharma) (by the upholders of natural law (dharma), by the creators of righteousness)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dharmakartṛ

dharmakartṛ - performer of natural law (dharma), upholder of righteousness, one who establishes law

Agent noun formed from dharma + kartṛ (doer)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+kartṛ)

• dharma – natural law (dharma), righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• kartṛ – doer, maker, agent
  noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From root kṛ (to do) + tṛc suffix
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agent of 'vihitaḥ'.

यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which, in which case)

(indeclinable)

राज्येप्सवः (rājyepsavaḥ) - desirous of a kingdom (desirous of kingdom, ambitious for sovereignty)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājyepsu

rājyepsu - desirous of a kingdom

Formed from rājya (kingdom) and īpsu (desirous of)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājya+īpsu)

• rājya – kingdom, sovereignty, reign
  noun (neuter)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• īpsu – desirous of, wishing to obtain
  adjective (masculine)
  Desiderative suffix + u
  From root āp (to obtain) + san (desiderative) + u
  Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'śūrāḥ'.

शूराः (śūrāḥ) - brave heroes (brave ones, heroes)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - brave, valiant, heroic; a hero, warrior

Note: Subject of 'apātayan'.

बाले (bāle) - upon a mere child (Abhimanyu) (on a child, on a boy)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of bāla

bāla - child, boy, young, innocent

Note: Object of action (figuratively 'on').

शस्त्रम् (śastram) - weapons (plural sense implied) (weapon, missile)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śastra

śastra - weapon, instrument, sword, missile

Root: śas (class 2)

Note: Direct object of 'apātayan'.

अपातयन् (apātayan) - they struck down (they threw, they cast, they struck down)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pat

Imperfect tense (Laṅ)

From root pat, 1st class, causative stem pātay-

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'śūrāḥ'.