महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-113, verse-4

संजय उवाच ।
कर्णभीमौ महाराज पराक्रान्तौ महाहवे ।
बाणवर्षाण्यवर्षेतां वृष्टिमन्ताविवाम्बुदौ ॥४॥

4. saṁjaya uvāca ,
karṇabhīmau mahārāja parākrāntau mahāhave ,
bāṇavarṣāṇyavarṣetāṁ vṛṣṭimantāvivāmbudau.

4. saṃjaya uvāca karṇabhīmau mahārāja parākrāntau
mahāhave bāṇavarṣāṇi avarṣetām vṛṣṭimantau iva ambudau

4. saṃjaya uvāca: mahārāja,
mahāhave parākrāntau karṇabhīmau,
vṛṣṭimantau ambudau iva,
bāṇavarṣāṇi avarṣetām

4. Sanjaya said: "O great king, Karṇa and Bhīma, mighty in the great battle, rained down showers of arrows like two rain-bearing clouds."

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Sanjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• कर्णभीमौ (karṇabhīmau) - Karṇa and Bhīma

• महाराज (mahārāja) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O great king)

• पराक्रान्तौ (parākrāntau) - valiant, mighty, powerful

• महाहवे (mahāhave) - in the great battle, in the great war

• बाणवर्षाणि (bāṇavarṣāṇi) - showers of arrows

• अवर्षेताम् (avarṣetām) - they (dual) rained

• वृष्टिमन्तौ (vṛṣṭimantau) - rain-bearing, having rain

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अम्बुदौ (ambudau) - two clouds

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - Sanjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sanjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense, third person singular, active voice

Root: vac (class 2)

कर्णभीमौ (karṇabhīmau) - Karṇa and Bhīma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of karṇabhīma

karṇabhīma - Karṇa and Bhīma

Compound type : dvandva (karṇa+bhīma)

• karṇa – Karṇa (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• bhīma – Bhīma (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Dual form referring to both Karṇa and Bhīma

महाराज (mahārāja) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Sanjaya addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra

पराक्रान्तौ (parākrāntau) - valiant, mighty, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of parākrānta

parākrānta - valiant, mighty, powerful, overcome

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kram with prefix parā

Prefix: parā

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Modifies Karṇabhīmau

महाहवे (mahāhave) - in the great battle, in the great war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahāhava

mahāhava - great battle, great war

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+hava)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• hava – battle, war, sacrifice
  noun (masculine)
  Root: hu (class 3)

बाणवर्षाणि (bāṇavarṣāṇi) - showers of arrows

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of bāṇavarṣa

bāṇavarṣa - shower of arrows

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (bāṇa+varṣa)

• bāṇa – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, shower
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of the verb avarṣetām

अवर्षेताम् (avarṣetām) - they (dual) rained

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vṛṣ

Imperfect tense, third person dual, active voice, parasmaipada

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Past tense form of √vṛṣ

वृष्टिमन्तौ (vṛṣṭimantau) - rain-bearing, having rain

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vṛṣṭimat

vṛṣṭimat - rainy, cloud (having rain)

Suffixed with -mat

Note: Modifies ambudau

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle for comparison

अम्बुदौ (ambudau) - two clouds

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ambuda

ambuda - cloud (giver of water)

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (ambus+da)

• ambus – water
  noun (neuter)
• da – giver
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from √dā 'to give'
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Dual form