महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-113, verse-12

ते शरातुरभूयिष्ठा हताश्वनरवाहनाः ।
उत्सृज्य कर्णं भीमं च प्राद्रवन्सर्वतोदिशम् ॥१२॥

12. te śarāturabhūyiṣṭhā hatāśvanaravāhanāḥ ,
utsṛjya karṇaṁ bhīmaṁ ca prādravansarvatodiśam.

12. te śarātura-bhūyiṣṭhāḥ hata-aśva-nara-vāhanāḥ
utsṛjya karṇam bhīmam ca prādravan sarvatodiśam

12. te śarātura-bhūyiṣṭhāḥ hata-aśva-nara-vāhanāḥ
karṇam bhīmam ca utsṛjya sarvatodiśam prādravan

12. They (the soldiers), mostly distressed by arrows and with their horses, men, and vehicles destroyed, abandoned Karṇa and Bhīma (i.e., left them behind on the battlefield) and fled in all directions.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those soldiers (they, those)

• शरातुर-भूयिष्ठाः (śarātura-bhūyiṣṭhāḥ) - mostly distressed by arrows, severely afflicted by arrows

• हत-अश्व-नर-वाहनाः (hata-aśva-nara-vāhanāḥ) - whose horses, men, and vehicles were killed/destroyed

• उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned, having left behind

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karṇa

• भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma

• च (ca) - and

• प्राद्रवन् (prādravan) - they fled

• सर्वतोदिशम् (sarvatodiśam) - in all directions, to all sides

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those soldiers (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the soldiers of the scattered army.

शरातुर-भूयिष्ठाः (śarātura-bhūyiṣṭhāḥ) - mostly distressed by arrows, severely afflicted by arrows

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śarāturabhūyiṣṭha

śarāturabhūyiṣṭha - mostly distressed by arrows

Tatpuruṣa compound ('śarātura') followed by another compound ('śarāturabhūyiṣṭha').

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+ātura+bhūyiṣṭha)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• ātura – distressed, afflicted, suffering
  adjective
  Root: at (class 1)
• bhūyiṣṭha – most, mostly, greatest part
  adjective
  Superlative degree of 'bahu' (many/much).

Note: Predicative adjective for 'te'.

हत-अश्व-नर-वाहनाः (hata-aśva-nara-vāhanāḥ) - whose horses, men, and vehicles were killed/destroyed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hatāśvanaravāhana

hatāśvanaravāhana - having horses, men, and vehicles destroyed

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+aśva+nara+vāhana)

• hata – killed, struck, destroyed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'han' (to strike, kill).
  Root: han (class 2)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• nara – man, warrior
  noun (masculine)
• vāhana – vehicle, mount, conveyance
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root 'vah' (to carry, convey).
  Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'te'.

उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned, having left behind

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'sṛj' (to create, release) with prefix 'ud'. Formed with suffix -ya (after prefixes).

Prefix: ud

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Describes the action before fleeing.

कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (proper noun)

Note: Object of 'utsṛjya'.

भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhīma (proper noun); terrible, dreadful

Note: Object of 'utsṛjya'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

प्राद्रवन् (prādravan) - they fled

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of drava

Imperfect Active

Root 'dru' (to run, flow) with prefix 'pra'. Formed in the imperfect tense, 3rd person plural.

Prefix: pra

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

सर्वतोदिशम् (sarvatodiśam) - in all directions, to all sides

(indeclinable)

Adverbial compound (avyayībhāva or similar). 'Sarvataḥ' (from all sides) + 'diś' (direction).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (sarvatas+diś)

• sarvatas – from all sides, everywhere
  indeclinable
  Derived from 'sarva' (all) + suffix -tas.
• diś – direction, quarter
  noun (feminine)

Note: Adverb of direction.