महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-186, verse-5

ततोऽपश्यं दिविष्ठान्वै तानष्टौ ब्रह्मवादिनः ।
ते मां स्मयन्तो राजेन्द्र शनकैरिदमब्रुवन् ॥५॥

5. tato'paśyaṁ diviṣṭhānvai tānaṣṭau brahmavādinaḥ ,
te māṁ smayanto rājendra śanakairidamabruvan.

5. tataḥ apaśyam diviṣṭhān vai tān aṣṭau brahmavādinaḥ
te mām smayantaḥ rājendra śanakaiḥ idam abruvan

5. tataḥ vai diviṣṭhān tān aṣṭau brahmavādinaḥ apaśyam
rājendra te smayantaḥ mām śanakaiḥ idam abruvan

5. Then, O King of Kings (rājendra), I indeed saw those eight expounders of sacred knowledge (brahmavādin) who reside in heaven. Smiling, they slowly spoke these words to me.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

• अपश्यम् (apaśyam) - I saw, I beheld

• दिविष्ठान् (diviṣṭhān) - those dwelling in heaven, those situated in the sky

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely (an emphatic particle)

• तान् (tān) - those

• अष्टौ (aṣṭau) - eight

• ब्रह्मवादिनः (brahmavādinaḥ) - expounders of Brahman, speakers of sacred knowledge

• ते (te) - they

• माम् (mām) - me

• स्मयन्तः (smayantaḥ) - smiling, laughing softly

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king of kings, O chief of kings

• शनकैः (śanakaiḥ) - slowly, gradually, gently

• इदम् (idam) - this, these words

• अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they spoke, they said

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

(indeclinable)

अपश्यम् (apaśyam) - I saw, I beheld

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś

Imperfect tense, first person singular of root dṛś, with augment 'a-'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

दिविष्ठान् (diviṣṭhān) - those dwelling in heaven, those situated in the sky

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of diviṣṭha

diviṣṭha - standing in the sky, dwelling in heaven, celestial

Compound: divi (locative of div - heaven) + stha (standing, from root sthā)

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (div+sthā)

• div – heaven, sky, day
  noun (feminine)
• sthā – to stand, to be, to remain
  verb
  root suffix
  Suffix -ṭha meaning 'standing' or 'dwelling' is derived from the root sthā.
  Root: sthā (class 1)

वै (vai) - indeed, surely (an emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

तान् (tān) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अष्टौ (aṣṭau) - eight

(numeral)

ब्रह्मवादिनः (brahmavādinaḥ) - expounders of Brahman, speakers of sacred knowledge

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of brahmavādin

brahmavādin - speaker of brahman, expounder of sacred texts/knowledge, theologian

Compound: Brahman (ultimate reality) + vādin (speaker/expounder, from root vad)

Compound type : tatpurusha (brahman+vādin)

• brahman – Brahman (ultimate reality), sacred word, Veda, prayer
  noun (neuter)
• vādin – speaking, expounding, one who speaks/expounds
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective
  Derived from root vad (to speak) with agent suffix -in.
  Root: vad (class 1)

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

स्मयन्तः (smayantaḥ) - smiling, laughing softly

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of smayat

smayat - smiling, laughing softly

Present Active Participle

Derived from root smi (to smile)

Root: smi (class 1)

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king of kings, O chief of kings

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - king of kings, sovereign, chief of kings

Compound: rāja (king) + indra (chief/lord)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• indra – Indra (name of a deity), chief, best
  noun (masculine)

शनकैः (śanakaiḥ) - slowly, gradually, gently

(indeclinable)

Instrumental plural form of śanaka, used as an adverb.

Note: Literally 'by slow ones' but idiomatically 'slowly'.

इदम् (idam) - this, these words

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here (neuter singular nominative/accusative)

Note: Refers to the speech that follows.

अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they spoke, they said

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect tense, third person plural of root brū, with augment 'a-'.

Root: brū (class 2)