महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-151, verse-23

तच्छ्रुत्वा धर्मराजस्य सव्यसाची परंतपः ।
यदुक्तं वासुदेवेन श्रावयामास तद्वचः ॥२३॥

23. tacchrutvā dharmarājasya savyasācī paraṁtapaḥ ,
yaduktaṁ vāsudevena śrāvayāmāsa tadvacaḥ.

23. tat śrutvā dharmarājasya savyasācī paraṃtapaḥ
yat uktam vāsudevena śrāvayāmāsa tat vacaḥ

23. savyasācī paraṃtapaḥ dharmarājasya tat (vacanam) śrutvā,
vāsudevena yat uktam,
tat vacaḥ śrāvayāmāsa

23. Having heard that, Savyasācī (Arjuna), the tormentor of foes, recounted the words that Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa) had spoken to the King of (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

• धर्मराजस्य (dharmarājasya) - of Yudhiṣṭhira, the King of (dharma) (of the king of dharma)

• सव्यसाची (savyasācī) - Arjuna (Arjuna (one who shoots with both hands))

• परंतपः (paraṁtapaḥ) - epithet for Arjuna (tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies)

• यत् (yat) - which, what

• उक्तम् (uktam) - said, spoken

• वासुदेवेन (vāsudevena) - by Kṛṣṇa (by Vāsudeva)

• श्रावयामास (śrāvayāmāsa) - he caused to hear, he recited

• तत् (tat) - that

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'śrutvā', referring to what Dharmarāja said.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root śru (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

धर्मराजस्य (dharmarājasya) - of Yudhiṣṭhira, the King of (dharma) (of the king of dharma)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of righteousness, Yama (god of death and dharma), Yudhiṣṭhira

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (dharma+rāja)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, natural law, constitution
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira.

सव्यसाची (savyasācī) - Arjuna (Arjuna (one who shoots with both hands))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of savyasācin

savyasācin - one who can shoot with the left hand (Arjuna's epithet)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (savya+sācin)

• savya – left, left hand
  adjective (neuter)
• sācin – shooter, drawing (a bow)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: sac (class 1)

Note: An epithet of Arjuna.

परंतपः (paraṁtapaḥ) - epithet for Arjuna (tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies

Compound type : karmadhāraya (para+tapa)

• para – enemy, other
  noun (masculine)
• tapa – causing pain, tormenting (from root tap, to heat, burn, torment)
  adjective (masculine)
  From root tap (to heat, burn, torment)
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Savyasācī.

यत् (yat) - which, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what

Note: Corresponds to 'tat vacaḥ'.

उक्तम् (uktam) - said, spoken

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, declared

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'yat' and 'vacaḥ'.

वासुदेवेन (vāsudevena) - by Kṛṣṇa (by Vāsudeva)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vāsudeva

vāsudeva - Kṛṣṇa (son of Vasudeva)

Note: Agent of 'uktam'.

श्रावयामास (śrāvayāmāsa) - he caused to hear, he recited

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of śrāvay

Causative stem

Causative of root śru (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: `śrāvay` is the causative stem of `śru`. `āmāsa` is the perfect ending for 3rd singular active.

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Direct object of 'śrāvayāmāsa', refers to 'vacaḥ'.

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying, discourse

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'śrāvayāmāsa'.