महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-151, verse-15

न चापि वयमत्यर्थं परित्यागेन कर्हिचित् ।
कौरवैः शममिच्छामस्तत्र युद्धमनन्तरम् ॥१५॥

15. na cāpi vayamatyarthaṁ parityāgena karhicit ,
kauravaiḥ śamamicchāmastatra yuddhamanantaram.

15. na ca api vayam atyartham parityāgena karhicit
kauravaiḥ śamam icchāmaḥ tatra yuddham anantaram

15. ca api vayam atyartham parityāgena karhicit kauravaiḥ śamam na icchāmaḥ.
tatra anantaram yuddham (eva asti).

15. Nor do we ever desire peace with the Kauravas through an excessive relinquishment (of our rights). Therefore, war is the inevitable next step.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• च (ca) - and, nor (and, also)

• अपि (api) - ever, indeed (emphasizing 'na karhicit') (even, also, too, indeed)

• वयम् (vayam) - we (the Pandavas and their allies) (we)

• अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - excessively (modifying 'relinquishment') (exceedingly, excessively, greatly)

• परित्यागेन (parityāgena) - through relinquishment (of claims/rights) (by abandonment, by relinquishment)

• कर्हिचित् (karhicit) - ever (ever, at any time)

• कौरवैः (kauravaiḥ) - with the Kauravas (with the Kauravas, by the Kauravas)

• शमम् (śamam) - peace (peace, tranquility, quiet)

• इच्छामः (icchāmaḥ) - we desire (we desire, wish)

• तत्र (tatra) - therefore, in that situation (there, then, in that case)

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - war (war, battle)

• अनन्तरम् (anantaram) - inevitable next step (immediately after, subsequent, without interval)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, nor (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with 'na' to form 'nor'.

अपि (api) - ever, indeed (emphasizing 'na karhicit') (even, also, too, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: Often reinforces a negative or question.

वयम् (vayam) - we (the Pandavas and their allies) (we)

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of aham

aham - I

अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - excessively (modifying 'relinquishment') (exceedingly, excessively, greatly)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (ati+artha)

• ati – over, beyond, exceeding
  indeclinable
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, thing
  noun (masculine)

Note: Can be an adjective or adverb. Here, functioning adverbially modifying the act of relinquishment.

परित्यागेन (parityāgena) - through relinquishment (of claims/rights) (by abandonment, by relinquishment)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of parityāga

parityāga - abandonment, relinquishment, renunciation

From root tyaj- (to abandon) with prefix pari-

Prefix: pari

Root: tyaj (class 1)

कर्हिचित् (karhicit) - ever (ever, at any time)

(indeclinable)

Note: Combines with 'na' to mean 'never'.

कौरवैः (kauravaiḥ) - with the Kauravas (with the Kauravas, by the Kauravas)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kaurava

kaurava - descendant of Kuru, Kaurava

Patronymic from Kuru

Note: Indicates association or 'with'.

शमम् (śamam) - peace (peace, tranquility, quiet)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śama

śama - peace, tranquility, quiet, cessation

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Object of 'icchāmaḥ'.

इच्छामः (icchāmaḥ) - we desire (we desire, wish)

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, Present (laṭ) of iṣ

Present tense, first person plural, active voice (parasmaipada)

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Verb for 'vayam'.

तत्र (tatra) - therefore, in that situation (there, then, in that case)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb indicating consequence.

युद्धम् (yuddham) - war (war, battle)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - fight, battle, war

Past Passive Participle

From root yudh- (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of an implied 'is'.

अनन्तरम् (anantaram) - inevitable next step (immediately after, subsequent, without interval)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (an+antara)

• an – not, non
  indeclinable
• antara – interval, interior, difference
  noun (neuter)

Note: Describes the nature of the war as immediate/consequential.