महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-5, chapter-150, verse-14
शिबिराणि कुरुक्षेत्रे क्रियन्तां वसुधाधिपाः ।
सुपर्याप्तावकाशानि दुरादेयानि शत्रुभिः ॥१४॥
सुपर्याप्तावकाशानि दुरादेयानि शत्रुभिः ॥१४॥
14. śibirāṇi kurukṣetre kriyantāṁ vasudhādhipāḥ ,
suparyāptāvakāśāni durādeyāni śatrubhiḥ.
suparyāptāvakāśāni durādeyāni śatrubhiḥ.
14.
śibirāṇi kurukṣetre kriyantām vasudhādhipāḥ
suparyāptāvakāśāni durādeyāni śatrubhiḥ
suparyāptāvakāśāni durādeyāni śatrubhiḥ
14.
vasudhādhipāḥ kurukṣetre śibirāṇi kriyantām (tāni ca)
suparyāptāvakāśāni śatrubhiḥ durādeyāni (ca santu)
suparyāptāvakāśāni śatrubhiḥ durādeyāni (ca santu)
14.
O rulers of the earth, let camps be constructed in Kurukshetra that are very spacious and difficult for enemies to seize.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- शिबिराणि (śibirāṇi) - camps (camps, encampments, barracks)
- कुरुक्षेत्रे (kurukṣetre) - in Kurukshetra (in Kurukshetra (a plain renowned as a battlefield))
- क्रियन्ताम् (kriyantām) - let them be constructed (let them be made, let them be done, let them be constructed)
- वसुधाधिपाः (vasudhādhipāḥ) - O rulers of the earth (O rulers of the earth, O kings)
- सुपर्याप्तावकाशानि (suparyāptāvakāśāni) - very spacious (having ample space, very spacious)
- दुरादेयानि (durādeyāni) - difficult to seize (difficult to take, impregnable, difficult to acquire)
- शत्रुभिः (śatrubhiḥ) - by enemies
Words meanings and morphology
शिबिराणि (śibirāṇi) - camps (camps, encampments, barracks)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, plural of śibira
śibira - camp, encampment, barracks, military station
Note: Subject of the passive verb kriyantām.
कुरुक्षेत्रे (kurukṣetre) - in Kurukshetra (in Kurukshetra (a plain renowned as a battlefield))
(proper noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of kurukṣetra
kurukṣetra - Kurukshetra, the field of Kurus, a famous battlefield
Compound of kuru (a king/dynasty) and kṣetra (field).
Compound type : tatpurusha (kuru+kṣetra)
- kuru – Kuru, name of an ancient king and dynasty
proper noun (masculine) - kṣetra – field, region, place
noun (neuter)
Root: kṣi
Note: Indicates the location.
क्रियन्ताम् (kriyantām) - let them be constructed (let them be made, let them be done, let them be constructed)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, passive, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ
Passive Imperative
Root kṛ + passive marker ya + imperative 3rd person plural ending tām.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Agrees with śibirāṇi (neuter plural).
वसुधाधिपाः (vasudhādhipāḥ) - O rulers of the earth (O rulers of the earth, O kings)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, plural of vasudhādhipa
vasudhādhipa - ruler of the earth, king, sovereign
Compound of vasudhā (earth) and adhipa (ruler).
Compound type : tatpurusha (vasudhā+adhipa)
- vasudhā – earth, ground
noun (feminine)
From vasu (wealth) + dhā (to hold), meaning "holder of wealth".
Root: dhā (class 3) - adhipa – ruler, lord, master
noun (masculine)
From adhi (over) + pā (to protect).
Prefix: adhi
Root: pā (class 2)
Note: The address to the audience (kings).
सुपर्याप्तावकाशानि (suparyāptāvakāśāni) - very spacious (having ample space, very spacious)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, plural of suparyāptāvakāśa
suparyāptāvakāśa - having ample space, very spacious
Bahuvrīhi compound: su (good/well) + paryāpta (sufficient) + avakāśa (space).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+paryāpta+avakāśa)
- su – good, well, excellent, very
prefix/indeclinable
Adverbial prefix. - paryāpta – sufficient, ample, adequate, completed
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From pari-āp (to obtain fully, to be sufficient).
Prefixes: pari+ā
Root: āp (class 5) - avakāśa – space, room, interval, opportunity
noun (masculine)
From ava-kāś (to shine down, to appear).
Prefix: ava
Root: kāś (class 1)
Note: Qualifies śibirāṇi.
दुरादेयानि (durādeyāni) - difficult to seize (difficult to take, impregnable, difficult to acquire)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, plural of durādeya
durādeya - difficult to take, hard to seize, impregnable
Gerundive
Prefix dur (difficult) + ādeya (to be taken). Derived from root dā (to give) with ā, forming ā-deyā (to be taken) + dur as a prefix indicating difficulty.
Compound type : prādi-samāsa (dur+ādeya)
- dur – bad, difficult, hard
prefix/indeclinable
Adverbial prefix. - ādeya – to be taken, to be received, receivable
adjective (neuter)
Gerundive
From root dā (to give) with prefix ā (meaning 'to take').
Prefix: ā
Root: dā (class 1)
Note: Qualifies śibirāṇi.
शत्रुभिः (śatrubhiḥ) - by enemies
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of śatru
śatru - enemy, foe, adversary
Root: śad (class 1)
Note: Agent of the passive durādeyāni.