महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-150, verse-1

जनमेजय उवाच ।
युधिष्ठिरं सहानीकमुपयान्तं युयुत्सया ।
संनिविष्टं कुरुक्षेत्रे वासुदेवेन पालितम् ॥१॥

1. janamejaya uvāca ,
yudhiṣṭhiraṁ sahānīkamupayāntaṁ yuyutsayā ,
saṁniviṣṭaṁ kurukṣetre vāsudevena pālitam.

1. janamejaya uvāca yudhiṣṭhiram sahānīkam upayāntam
yuyutsayā saṃniviṣṭam kurukṣetre vāsudevena pālitam

1. janamejaya uvāca vāsudevena pālitam sahānīkam
yuyutsayā upayāntam kurukṣetre saṃniviṣṭam yudhiṣṭhiram

1. Janamejaya said: "Having heard that Yudhiṣṭhira, along with his army, was approaching with a desire to fight and had encamped in Kurukṣetra, protected by Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)..."

Words meanings summery:

• जनमेजय (janamejaya) - Janamejaya (a proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira (a proper name)

• सहानीकम् (sahānīkam) - with his army

• उपयान्तम् (upayāntam) - approaching, coming near

• युयुत्सया (yuyutsayā) - with the desire to fight, intending to fight

• संनिविष्टम् (saṁniviṣṭam) - encamped, settled

• कुरुक्षेत्रे (kurukṣetre) - in Kurukṣetra

• वासुदेवेन (vāsudevena) - by Kṛṣṇa (Vāsudeva) (by Vāsudeva)

• पालितम् (pālitam) - protected, guarded

Words meanings and morphology

जनमेजय (janamejaya) - Janamejaya (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janamejaya

janamejaya - Janamejaya (name of a king, son of Parikṣit)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (eldest of the Pāṇḍavas)

Compound type : aluk tatpurusha (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of yudh (battle)
• sthira – firm, steady
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Object of implied 'having heard about' from the following verse.

सहानीकम् (sahānīkam) - with his army

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sahānīka

sahānīka - accompanied by his army

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saha+anīka)

• saha – with, together with
  indeclinable
• anīka – army, host
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'yudhiṣṭhiram'.

उपयान्तम् (upayāntam) - approaching, coming near

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yā

yā - to go

Present Active Participle

Derived from root yā with prefix upa and suffix śatṛ

Prefix: upa

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'yudhiṣṭhiram'.

युयुत्सया (yuyutsayā) - with the desire to fight, intending to fight

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of yuyutsā

yuyutsā - desire to fight, bellicosity

Desiderative noun from root yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Expresses purpose or manner.

संनिविष्टम् (saṁniviṣṭam) - encamped, settled

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃniviṣṭa

viś - to enter

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root viś with prefixes sam and ni

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'yudhiṣṭhiram'.

कुरुक्षेत्रे (kurukṣetre) - in Kurukṣetra

(proper noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kurukṣetra

kurukṣetra - Kurukṣetra (a sacred battlefield)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kuru+kṣetra)

• kuru – Kuru (name of an ancient king, or his lineage)
  proper noun (masculine)
• kṣetra – field, territory, holy place
  noun (neuter)

Note: Location of encampment.

वासुदेवेन (vāsudevena) - by Kṛṣṇa (Vāsudeva) (by Vāsudeva)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vāsudeva

vāsudeva - son of Vasudeva; Kṛṣṇa

Note: Agent of protection.

पालितम् (pālitam) - protected, guarded

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pālita

pā - to protect, to guard

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root pā (to protect) with suffix kta (ta)

Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'yudhiṣṭhiram'.