महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-136, verse-23

नगरं न यथापूर्वं तथा राजनिवेशनम् ।
शिवाश्चाशिवनिर्घोषा दीप्तां सेवन्ति वै दिशम् ॥२३॥

23. nagaraṁ na yathāpūrvaṁ tathā rājaniveśanam ,
śivāścāśivanirghoṣā dīptāṁ sevanti vai diśam.

23. nagaram na yathāpūrvam tathā rājaniveśanam
śivāḥ ca aśivanirghoṣāḥ dīptām sevanti vai diśam

23. nagaram yathāpūrvam na tathā rājaniveśanam.
aśivanirghoṣāḥ śivāḥ ca dīptām diśam vai sevanti.

23. The city is no longer as it was before, nor is the royal residence. And she-jackals, howling inauspiciously, are frequenting the illuminated direction.

Words meanings summery:

• नगरम् (nagaram) - city, town

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• यथापूर्वम् (yathāpūrvam) - as before, as formerly

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner, similarly

• राजनिवेशनम् (rājaniveśanam) - royal residence, palace

• शिवाः (śivāḥ) - here specifically refers to she-jackals, which are considered inauspicious when howling in such a manner (she-jackals, auspicious ones)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• अशिवनिर्घोषाः (aśivanirghoṣāḥ) - having inauspicious cries/howls

• दीप्ताम् (dīptām) - blazing, shining, illuminated

• सेवन्ति (sevanti) - they frequent, they attend, they serve

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• दिशम् (diśam) - direction, quarter

Words meanings and morphology

नगरम् (nagaram) - city, town

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nagara

nagara - city, town

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

यथापूर्वम् (yathāpūrvam) - as before, as formerly

(indeclinable)

indeclinable formed from yathā (as) + pūrva (before)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+pūrva)

• yathā – as, just as, in what manner
  indeclinable
• pūrva – before, former, earlier
  adjective (masculine)

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner, similarly

(indeclinable)

राजनिवेशनम् (rājaniveśanam) - royal residence, palace

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rājaniveśana

rājaniveśana - royal residence, palace

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rājan+niveśana)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• niveśana – residence, dwelling, settlement
  noun (neuter)
  from ni-viś
  Prefix: ni
  Root: viś (class 6)

शिवाः (śivāḥ) - here specifically refers to she-jackals, which are considered inauspicious when howling in such a manner (she-jackals, auspicious ones)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of śivā

śivā - she-jackal, auspicious (feminine)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

अशिवनिर्घोषाः (aśivanirghoṣāḥ) - having inauspicious cries/howls

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of aśivanirghoṣā

aśivanirghoṣā - having inauspicious cries/howls, making inauspicious sounds

feminine plural of aśivanirghoṣa

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (aśiva+nirghoṣa)

• aśiva – inauspicious, unlucky
  adjective (masculine)
  nañ-tatpuruṣa of śiva
• nirghoṣa – sound, cry, roar, howl
  noun (masculine)
  from nir-ghuṣ
  Prefix: nis
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with śivāḥ

दीप्ताम् (dīptām) - blazing, shining, illuminated

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dīpta

dīpta - blazing, shining, illuminated, splendid

Past Passive Participle

from root dīp (to shine, blaze)

Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: Agrees with diśam

सेवन्ति (sevanti) - they frequent, they attend, they serve

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of sev

Present Active Indicative

3rd person plural

Root: sev (class 1)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

दिशम् (diśam) - direction, quarter

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky, region