महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-136, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
कुन्त्यास्तु वचनं श्रुत्वा भीष्मद्रोणौ महारथौ ।
दुर्योधनमिदं वाक्यमूचतुः शासनातिगम् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
kuntyāstu vacanaṁ śrutvā bhīṣmadroṇau mahārathau ,
duryodhanamidaṁ vākyamūcatuḥ śāsanātigam.

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca kuntyāḥ tu vacanam śrutvā bhīṣmadroṇau
mahārathau duryodhanam idam vākyam ūcatuḥ śāsanātigam

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca tu kuntyāḥ vacanam śrutvā mahārathau
bhīṣmadroṇau śāsanātigam duryodhanam idam vākyam ūcatuḥ

1. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: But having heard Kuntī's words, Bhīṣma and Droṇa, the great charioteers, spoke these words to Duryodhana, who was transgressing commands.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśaṃpāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• कुन्त्याः (kuntyāḥ) - Kuntī's (of Kuntī, by Kuntī)

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• भीष्मद्रोणौ (bhīṣmadroṇau) - Bhīṣma and Droṇa

• महारथौ (mahārathau) - great charioteers

• दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - to Duryodhana (Duryodhana)

• इदम् (idam) - these (words) (this)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, statement

• ऊचतुः (ūcatuḥ) - they both said, they both spoke

• शासनातिगम् (śāsanātigam) - Duryodhana, who transgresses commands/authority (one who transgresses commands/authority)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśaṃpāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - name of a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect 3rd singular

From root 'vac' (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

कुन्त्याः (kuntyāḥ) - Kuntī's (of Kuntī, by Kuntī)

(proper noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of kuntī

kuntī - name of Pṛthā, mother of the Pāṇḍavas

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

(indeclinable)

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speaking, saying, word, speech, statement

Root: vac (class 2)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'śru' (to hear).

Root: śru (class 5)

भीष्मद्रोणौ (bhīṣmadroṇau) - Bhīṣma and Droṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of bhīṣmadroṇa

bhīṣmadroṇa - Bhīṣma and Droṇa (names of two characters)

Compound type : dvandva (bhīṣma+droṇa)

• bhīṣma – Bhīṣma (name of a character in Mahabharata)
  proper noun (masculine)
• droṇa – Droṇa (name of a character in Mahabharata)
  proper noun (masculine)

महारथौ (mahārathau) - great charioteers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, warrior fighting from a great chariot

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahat+ratha)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)

दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - to Duryodhana (Duryodhana)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - name of the eldest Kaurava prince

इदम् (idam) - these (words) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement

Root: vac (class 2)

ऊचतुः (ūcatuḥ) - they both said, they both spoke

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect 3rd dual

From root 'vac' (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

शासनातिगम् (śāsanātigam) - Duryodhana, who transgresses commands/authority (one who transgresses commands/authority)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śāsanātiga

śāsanātiga - one who transgresses commands/authority; disobedient

Compound type : tatpurusha (śāsana+atiga)

• śāsana – command, rule, instruction, government
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śās (class 2)
• atiga – transgressing, passing beyond, overcoming
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/suffix
  From 'ati-gam' (to transgress, go beyond).
  Prefix: ati
  Root: gam (class 1)