महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-55, verse-23

अथापरेण बाणेन ज्वलितेन महाभुजः ।
विव्याध कर्णं कौन्तेयस्तीक्ष्णेनोरसि वीर्यवान् ॥२३॥

23. athāpareṇa bāṇena jvalitena mahābhujaḥ ,
vivyādha karṇaṁ kaunteyastīkṣṇenorasi vīryavān.

23. atha apareṇa bāṇena jvalitena mahābhujaḥ vivyādha
karṇaṃ kaunteyaḥ tīkṣṇena urasi vīryavān

23. Then, the valorous (vīryavān) and mighty-armed (mahābhujaḥ) Kaunteya (Arjuna) pierced Karṇa in the chest with another sharp, blazing arrow.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon (then, now, thereupon)

• अपरेण (apareṇa) - by another (arrow) (by another, with another)

• बाणेन (bāṇena) - with an arrow (by an arrow, with an arrow)

• ज्वलितेन (jvalitena) - blazing, flaming (blazing, inflamed, shining)

• महाभुजः (mahābhujaḥ) - mighty-armed (mighty-armed, great-armed)

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced (pierced, struck)

• कर्णं (karṇaṁ) - Karṇa (Karṇa (accusative))

• कौन्तेयः (kaunteyaḥ) - Kaunteya (Arjuna) (son of Kuntī (Arjuna))

• तीक्ष्णेन (tīkṣṇena) - sharp (arrow) (by sharp, with sharp)

• उरसि (urasi) - in the chest (in the chest, on the breast)

• वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - valorous, powerful (valorous, powerful, heroic)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon (then, now, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

अपरेण (apareṇa) - by another (arrow) (by another, with another)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of apara

apara - other, another, later, western

Note: Qualifies 'bāṇena'

बाणेन (bāṇena) - with an arrow (by an arrow, with an arrow)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

Note: Instrument of action

ज्वलितेन (jvalitena) - blazing, flaming (blazing, inflamed, shining)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of jvalita

jvalita - blazing, shining, ignited

Past Passive Participle

From √jval (to blaze, shine)

Root: jval (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'bāṇena'

महाभुजः (mahābhujaḥ) - mighty-armed (mighty-armed, great-armed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābhuja

mahābhuja - mighty-armed, great-armed

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'mahat' (great) + 'bhuja' (arm). One whose arms are great (Arjuna).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+bhuja)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  Stem 'mahat', appearing as 'mahā' in compounds.
• bhuja – arm
  noun (masculine)

विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced (pierced, struck)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vyadh

Perfect, 3rd person singular, root √vyadh (class 4)

Root: vyadh (class 4)

कर्णं (karṇaṁ) - Karṇa (Karṇa (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - ear; a proper name (Karṇa)

Note: Object of 'vivyādha'

कौन्तेयः (kaunteyaḥ) - Kaunteya (Arjuna) (son of Kuntī (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kuntī (Arjuna)

Derived from Kuntī + ḍhaka (patronymic affix)

Note: Subject of 'vivyādha'

तीक्ष्णेन (tīkṣṇena) - sharp (arrow) (by sharp, with sharp)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tīkṣṇa

tīkṣṇa - sharp, keen, pungent

उरसि (urasi) - in the chest (in the chest, on the breast)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of uras

uras - chest, breast

Note: Indicates location of piercing

वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - valorous, powerful (valorous, powerful, heroic)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - valorous, powerful, heroic

Derived from 'vīrya' (valor) + 'matup' (possessive affix)